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Clinical characteristics of postmenopausal women with endometrial polyps

https://doi.org/10.17749/2313-7347/ob.gyn.rep.2022.307

Abstract

Introduction. The issues of rise in incidence and malignant transformation of endometrial pathology along with elevating proportion of postmenopausal women in global population remain relevant.

Aim: to evaluate clinical and laboratory data of postmenopausal patients with endometrial polyp.

Materials and Methods. There were enrolled 156 cases of morphologically verified endometrial polyp; the age of the study patients averaged 61.39 ± 7.78 years. Clinical and laboratory data of the obstetric and gynecological history were analyzed; the somatic history was assessed (cardiovascular diseases, arterial hypertension, coronary heart disease). Analysis of laboratory data was performed: complete blood count (CBC), general urinalysis, biochemical parameters – level of cholesterol (Cholesterol), low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C) and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), triglycerides (TG), glucose, alanine aminotransferase (ALAT), asparagine aminotransferase (ASAT), tumor marker CA-125. Statistical processing of the results was carried out.

Results. Endometrial polyps were found by 17% more frequently in patients with late postmenopausal age, which were more (95.5%) prevalent in subjects without history of impaired fertility. Moreover, they also had a high rate (84.6%) of medical abortions and use of intrauterine contraceptives (every second patient). In the vast majority of cases (1/3), the patients had a history of inflammatory diseases of the uterus and uterine appendages, whereas before surgery they had in 37.2% vaginal inflammation requiring sanitation. According to the clinical course, the endometrial polyp manifested equally in early and late post-menopause, with a predominance of spotting (27.5%) and complaints of pain (24.4%). A high frequency of relapses after polypectomy was revealed so that every third patient had already undergone relevant surgery. A high incidence of arterial hypertension (71.6%), fat metabolism disorders (82.1%) were revealed in both early and late postmenopausal patients, while fat metabolism disorders were associated with the symptomatic course of endometrial polyps.

Conclusion. The study results showed a statistically significant relationship between the endometrial polyp formation in postmenopausal patients and detected inflammatory pathology of the pelvic organs, diseases of the cardiovascular system and fat metabolism disorders. Further studies are necessary to verify importance of the identified factors as clinical prognostic factors.

About the Authors

E. G. Kobaidze
Wagner Perm State Medical University, Health Ministry of Russian Federation
Russian Federation

Ekaterina G. Kobaidze – MD, Dr Sci Med, Professor, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology № 1

26 Petropavlovskaya Str., Perm 614990

Scopus Author ID: 57219650638



Y. N. Matveeva
Wagner Perm State Medical University, Health Ministry of Russian Federation; Perm Krai «Kungur Hospital»
Russian Federation

Yuliya N. Matveeva – MD, Applicant, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology № 1; Obstetrician-Gynecologist, Perm Krai «Kungur Hospital»

26 Petropavlovskaya Str., Perm 614990,
45 bldg. В
, Krasnogvardeitsev Str., Kungur 617472



E. V. Shirinkina
Wagner Perm State Medical University, Health Ministry of Russian Federation
Russian Federation

Elena V. Shirinkina – MD, PhD, Associate Professor, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology № 1

26 Petropavlovskaya Str., Perm 614990

Author ID: 481756



N. V. Statnykh
Wagner Perm State Medical University, Health Ministry of Russian Federation
Russian Federation

Natalya V. Statnykh – MD, PhD, Associate Professor, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology № 1

26 Petropavlovskaya Str., Perm 614990

Author ID: 780493



N. M. Pirozhnikova
Wagner Perm State Medical University, Health Ministry of Russian Federation
Russian Federation

Natalija M. Pirozhnikova – MD, PhD, Associate Professor, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology № 1

26 Petropavlovskaya Str., Perm 614990



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Review

For citations:


Kobaidze E.G., Matveeva Y.N., Shirinkina E.V., Statnykh N.V., Pirozhnikova N.M. Clinical characteristics of postmenopausal women with endometrial polyps. Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproduction. 2022;16(3):255-265. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.17749/2313-7347/ob.gyn.rep.2022.307

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ISSN 2313-7347 (Print)
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