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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">akusherstvo</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproduction</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Акушерство, Гинекология и Репродукция</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2313-7347</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2500-3194</issn><publisher><publisher-name>IRBIS LLC</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17749/2313-7347/ob.gyn.rep.2021.196</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">akusherstvo-970</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Original articles</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Age at menarche in Russian women is associated with the ESR2 candidate gene</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Возраст менархе у женщин России ассоциирован с геном-кандидатом ESR2</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5429-6666</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Решетников</surname><given-names>Е. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Reshetnikov</surname><given-names>E. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Решетников Евгений Александрович – кандидат биологических наук, доцент кафедры медико-биологических дисциплин медицинского института </p><p>308007 Белгород, ул. Победы, д. 85</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Еvgeny А. Reshetnikov – MD, PhD (Biology), Associate Professor, Department of Biomedical Disciplines, Medical Institute</p><p>85 Pobedy Str., Belgorod 308007</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5652-0166</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Пономаренко</surname><given-names>И. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ponomarenko</surname><given-names>I. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Пономаренко Ирина Васильевна – доктор медицинских наук, профессор кафедры медико-биологических дисциплин медицинского института </p><p>308007 Белгород, ул. Победы, д. 85</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Irina V. Ponomarenko – MD, Dr Sci Med, Professor, Department of Biomedical Disciplines, Medical Institute</p><p>85 Pobedy Str., Belgorod 308007</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1254-6134</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Чурносов</surname><given-names>М. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Churnosov</surname><given-names>M. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Чурносов Михаил Иванович – доктор медицинских наук, профессор, зав. кафедрой медико-биологических дисциплин медицинского института </p><p>308007 Белгород, ул. Победы, д. 85</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Mikhail I. Churnosov – MD, Dr Sci Med, Professor, Head of the Department of Biomedical Disciplines, Medical Institute</p><p>85 Pobedy Str., Belgorod 308007</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">churnosov@bsu.edu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГАОУ ВО «Белгородский государственный национальный исследовательский университет»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Belgorod State National Research University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2021</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>04</day><month>05</month><year>2021</year></pub-date><volume>15</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>166</fpage><lpage>172</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Reshetnikov E.A., Ponomarenko I.V., Churnosov M.I., 2021</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2021</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Решетников Е.А., Пономаренко И.В., Чурносов М.И.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Reshetnikov E.A., Ponomarenko I.V., Churnosov M.I.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.gynecology.su/jour/article/view/970">https://www.gynecology.su/jour/article/view/970</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Aim</title><p>Aim: to study a relation between a single-nucleotide polymorphism in the estrogen receptor beta (ESR2) gene and age of menarche in women of the Central Black Earth region of Russia.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and Мethods</title><p>Materials and Мethods. There were enrolled 696 women to the retrospective study. All subjects were interrogated data regarding the age of menarche. Three polymorphic loci rs4986938, rs1256031, and rs10144225 of the ESR2 gene were genotyped by using the TaqMan probe polymerase chain reaction. The functional epigenetic effects of the rs4986938 ESR2 menarche-associated polymorphism were studied by using the online HaploReg software.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. There were found out associations of ESR2 rs4986938 polymorphism with the age of menarche in Russian women of the Central Black Earth region of the Russian Federation. Women with the rs4986938 ESR2 polymorphism allele A in the genotype (genotypes A/A and G/A) had menarche at the age of 12.71 ± 1.03 years, which is 0.20 years later than in women lacking it in the genotype (genotype G/G), who had menarche at age of 12.51 ± 1.05 years (pperm = 0,01). The rs4986938 ESR2 polymorphism is characterized by pronounced epigenetic effects: it affects affinity for five transcription factors – CTCF, Nr2f2, Pax-6, Pax-8, and RAR, being associated with enhancer and promoter sites in various menarche-significant body tissues and organs, and associated with the expression of the ESR2 geneepigenetic effects: it affects affinity for five transcription factors – CTCF, Nr2f2, Pax-6, Pax-8, and RAR, being associated with enhancer and promoter sites in various menarche-significant body tissues and organs, and associated with the expression of the ESR2 gene.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. The rs4986938 polymorphic locus of the ESR2 gene is associated with age of menarche in women in the European part of Russia.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Выборка для настоящего ретроспективного исследования составила 696 женщин. Информация о возрасте менархе была получена при опросе женщин. С помощью полимеразной цепной реакции методом TаqMаn зондов проведено генотипирование трех полиморфных локусов rs4986938, rs1256031, rs10144225 гена ESR2. Функциональные эпигенетические эффекты менархе-ассоциированного полиморфизма rs4986938 ESR2 изучались с использованием он-лайн программ HaploReg.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Установлены ассоциации полиморфизма rs4986938 гена ESR2 с возрастом менархе у русских женщин Центрального Черноземья России. У женщин, имеющих в генотипе аллель А полиморфизма rs4986938 ESR2 (генотипы A/A и G/A), менархе наступало в возрасте 12,71 ± 1,03 лет, что на 0,20 года позже по сравнению с женщинами, не имеющими в генотипе данного аллеля (генотип G/G), у которых менархе наступало в 12,51 ± 1,05 лет (pperm = 0,01). Полиморфизм rs4986938 гена ESR2 характеризуется выраженными эпигенетическими эффектами: влияет на афинность к пяти факторам транскрипции – CTCF, Nr2f2, Pax-6, Pax-8 и RAR, связан с энхансерными и промоторными участками в разных менархе-значимых тканях и органах организма, ассоциирован с экспрессией гена ESR2.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Полиморфный локус rs4986938 гена ESR2 ассоциирован с возрастом менархе у женщин европейской части России.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>возраст менархе</kwd><kwd>однонуклеотидный полиморфизм</kwd><kwd>эпигенетические эффекты</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>menarche age</kwd><kwd>single-nucleotide polymorphism</kwd><kwd>epigenetic effects</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Yermachenko A., Dvornyk V. 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