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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">akusherstvo</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproduction</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Акушерство, Гинекология и Репродукция</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2313-7347</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2500-3194</issn><publisher><publisher-name>IRBIS LLC</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17749/2313-7347/ob.gyn.rep.2020.109</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">akusherstvo-792</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Original articles</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Focused radiofrequency treatment of postpartum vaginal relaxation syndrome</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Фокусированное радиочастотное лечение синдрома релаксированного влагалища в послеродовом периоде</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9091-4097</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Доброхотова</surname><given-names>Ю. Э.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Dobrokhotova</surname><given-names>Yu. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Доброхотова Юлия Эдуардовна – д.м.н., профессор, зав. кафедрой акушерства и гинекологии лечебного факультета</p><p>Россия, 117997 Москва, ул. Островитянова, д. 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Yulia E. Dobrokhotova – MD, Dr Sci Med, Professor, Head of the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of General Medicine</p><p>1 Ostrovityanova Str., Moscow 117997, Russia</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3342-9404</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Нагиева</surname><given-names>Т. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Nagieva</surname><given-names>T. S.K.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Нагиева Тамара Сафияр Кызы – аспирант кафедры акушерства и гинекологии лечебного факультета</p><p>Россия, 117997 Москва, ул. Островитянова, д. 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Tamara S.K. Nagieva – MD, Postgraduate Student, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of General Medicine</p><p>1 Ostrovityanova Str., Moscow 117997, Russia</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">nagieva.ts@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9441-3468</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Карева</surname><given-names>E. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kareva</surname><given-names>E. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Карева Елена Николаевна – д.м.н., профессор кафедры молекулярной фармакологии и радиобиологии имени академика П.В. Сергеева</p><p>Россия, 117997 Москва, ул. Островитянова, д. 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Elena N. Kareva – MD, Dr Sci Med, Professor, Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Radiobiology named after Academician P.V. Sergeev</p><p>1 Ostrovityanova Str., Moscow 117997, Russia</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО «Российский национальный исследовательский медицинский университет имени Н.И. Пирогова» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Health Ministry of Russian Federation</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2020</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>13</day><month>10</month><year>2020</year></pub-date><volume>14</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>437</fpage><lpage>448</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Dobrokhotova Y.E., Nagieva T.S., Kareva E.N., 2020</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2020</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Доброхотова Ю.Э., Нагиева Т.С., Карева E.Н.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Dobrokhotova Y.E., Nagieva T.S., Kareva E.N.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.gynecology.su/jour/article/view/792">https://www.gynecology.su/jour/article/view/792</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Aim</title><p>Aim: to assess the efficacy and safety of non-ablative radiofrequency treatment in the postpartum period in patients with vaginal relaxation syndrome and other initial manifestations of pelvic floor dysfunction (PFD).</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and Methods</title><p>Materials and Methods. 44 patients with complaints of the initial manifestations of PFD were enrolled into prospective randomized comparative study: 30 women in the main group and 14 in the control group. Diagnostic methods included medical history collection, objective examination, assessing condition of the perineum by visual inspection; standard clinical and laboratory studies; using the questionnaire for calculating the Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI-19). Staging of pelvic organ prolapse was performed according to the POP-Q classification (Pelvic Organ Prolapse Quantification system). Measurement of the pelvic floor muscle contraction strength was performed by using a perineometer. A course of 3 procedures of radiofrequency non-ablative exposure of the vulvovaginal tissues in patients from the main group was performed 2 months after delivery, with 7-day interval. Assessment of the collagenogenesis and neoangiogenesis was carried out base on measuring expression level of the mRNA specific to proteins of the vaginal connective tissue by using real-time polymerase chain reaction.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. Our study allowed to find that anatomical and functional state of the vulvovaginal area and perineum were significantly improved as well as relief of PFD symptoms. The level of expression of decorin mRNA in patients from the main group before and after treatment were 0.1 ± 0.035 and 0.047 ± 0.002, respectively (p = 0.02, Wilcoxon t-test). The median values of mRNA expression of matrix metalloproteinase type 2 before and after treatment were 0.0177 and 0.013, respectively (p = 0.03). The expression of type III collagen mRNA before and after treatment was 0.0675 and 0.0109, respectively (p = 0.03).</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. The data obtained by us demonstrate positive effects after using monopolar radiofrequency therapy on the tissues in the vulva, vagina and perineum of patients in the postpartum period. However, clinical improvement in patients with PFD represents a cumulative result of morphological and functional changes in the tissues of the perineum as well as vulvovaginal region. We believe it is irrational to associate such positive effects solely with altered magnitude of the metabolism of collagen and other extracellular matrix proteins, due to dynamic balance and genetic determinism of decay and production of connective tissue proteins. The safety and role of radiofrequency therapeutic procedures in prevention and treatment of PFD require further investigation by assessing new markers and research methods, by extending observation period as well as increasing amount and quality of clinical observations.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><sec><title>Цель исследования</title><p>Цель исследования: оценить эффективность и безопасность неаблационного радиочастотного воздействия в послеродовом периоде у пациенток с синдромом релаксированного влагалища и другими начальными проявлениями дисфункции тазового дна (ДТД).</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. В проспективном рандомизированном сравнительном исследовании приняли участие 44 пациентки с жалобами на начальные проявления ДТД: 30 человек в основной группе и 14 в контрольной. Методы диагностики включали сбор анамнеза, объективный осмотр, оценку состояния промежности и вульвы путем визуального осмотра; стандартные клинико-лабораторные исследования; анкетирование с помощью опросника для подсчета индекса женской сексуальной функции FSFI-19 (англ. Female Sexual Function Index). Стадирование опущения тазовых органов проводили по классификации POP-Q (англ. Pelvic Organ Prolapse Quantification system). Измерение силы сокращения мышц тазового дна выполняли при помощи перинеометра. Курс из 3 процедур неаблационного радиочастотного воздействия на ткани вульвовагинальной области у пациенток основной группы осуществляли через 2 мес после родов с интервалом 7 дней. Оценку параметров коллагеногенеза и неоангиогенеза проводили на основании уровня экспрессии матричных РНК (мРНК) специфических белков соединительной ткани влагалища методом полимеразной цепной реакции в реальном времени.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. У пациенток основной группы в отдаленном послеродовом периоде зафиксировано статистически значимое улучшение анатомо-функционального состояния вульвовагинальной области и промежности, купирование симптомов ДТД. Уровень экспрессии мРНК декорина у пациенток основной группы до и после лечения, рассчитанный с применением t-критерия Вилкоксона, составил 0,1 ± 0,035 и 0,047 ± 0,002, соответственно (p = 0,02). До и после лечения медиана показателей экспрессии мРНК матриксной металлопротеиназы 2-го типа до и после лечения составила 0,0177 и 0,013 (p = 0,03), показатели экспрессии мРНК коллагена III типа – 0,0675 и 0,0109 (p = 0,03) соответственно.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Полученные результаты демонстрируют положительный эффект монополярного радиочастотного воздействия на ткани вульвы, влагалища и промежности у пациенток в послеродовом периоде. Однако клиническое улучшение у пациенток с ДТД – интегральный результат морфофункциональных изменений тканей промежности и вульвовагинальной области. Мы считаем нецелесообразным связывать подобный положительный эффект исключительно с изменениями интенсивности процессов метаболизма коллагена и других белков межклеточного матрикса в виду динамического равновесия и генетической детерминированности процессов распада и синтеза белков соединительной ткани. Безопасность и роль технологий радиочастотного воздействия в профилактике и коррекции симптомов ДТД требуют дальнейшего изучения с привлечением новых маркеров и методов исследования с более продолжительным периодом наблюдения и увеличением количества и качества клинических наблюдений.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>дисфункция тазового дна</kwd><kwd>«вагинальная слабость»</kwd><kwd>синдром релаксированного влагалища</kwd><kwd>фокусированная радиочастота</kwd><kwd>коллагеногенез</kwd><kwd>радиоволновое лечение</kwd><kwd>пролапс гениталий</kwd><kwd>послеродовый период</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>pelvic floor dysfunction</kwd><kwd>vaginal laxity</kwd><kwd>vaginal relaxation syndrome</kwd><kwd>focused radio frequency</kwd><kwd>collagenogenesis</kwd><kwd>radio frequency treatment</kwd><kwd>genital prolapse</kwd><kwd>the postpartum period</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Sekiguchi Y., Utsugisawa Y., Azekosietal Y. et al. 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