akusherstvoObstetrics, Gynecology and ReproductionАкушерство, Гинекология и Репродукция2313-73472500-3194IRBIS LLC10.17749/2313-7347.139akusherstvo-688Research ArticleREVIEW ARTICLEНАУЧНЫЙ ОБЗОРGenetic predisposition for cervical cancerГенетическая предрасположенность при раке шейки маткиhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-9393-1549РотаруТ. В.RotaruT. V.

Ротару Тудор Васильевич – доктор медицинских наук, доцент кафедры онкологии

MD 2001 Кишинев, бул. Штефан чел Маре, д. 165

Tudor V. Rotaru – МD, Dr Sci Med, Associate Professor, Department of Oncology

165 Вlvd. Shtefanchel Mare, Kishinev MD 2001

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8044-479XРотаруЛ. И.RotaruL. I.

Ротару Людмила Ивановна – доктор биологических наук, доцент кафедры молекулярной биологии и генетики человека

MD 2001 Кишинев, бул. Штефан чел Маре, д. 165

Ludmila I. Rotaru – МD, Dr Sci Biol, Associate Professor, Department of Molecular Biology and Human Genetics

165 Вlvd. Shtefanchel Mare, Kishinev MD 2001

https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6722-2810ЛапочкинаН. П.LapochikinaN. P.

Лапочкина Нина Павловна – доктор медицинских наук, доцент кафедры онкологии, акушерства и гинекологии

153012 Иваново, Шереметьевский пр., д. 8

Nina P. Lapochikina – МD, Dr Sci Med, Associate Professor, Department of Oncology, Obstetrics and Gynecology

8 Sheremetyevskiy Ave., Ivanovo 153012

lapochkina_n@mail.ruГосударственный университет медицины и фармации имени Николае ТестемицануМолдоваNicolae Testemitanu State University of Medicine and PharmacyMoldova, Republic ofФГБОУ ВО «Ивановская государственная медицинская академия» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации»РоссияIvanovo State Medical Academy, Health Ministry of Russian FederationRussian Federation202003062020142218228Copyright © Rotaru T.V., Rotaru L.I., Lapochikina N.P., 20202020Ротару Т.В., Ротару Л.И., Лапочкина Н.П.Rotaru T.V., Rotaru L.I., Lapochikina N.P.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.gynecology.su/jour/article/view/688Aim

Aim: to assess a role of genetic factors and human papillomavirus (HPV) in developing cervical neoplasia based on analyzing current publications on virus-induced carcinogenesis.

Materials and methods

Materials and methods. A systematic overview on publications dedicated to examining genetic predisposition to developing cervical cancer (CC) available in electronic databases was performed by searching in the International Scientific Databases (ISDB) PubMed/MEDLINE as well as manually by accessing enlisted input documents related to the above noted studies. Full-text publications were solely selected for analysis.

Results

Results. CC is a multifactorial disease implicating host genetic predisposition being caused by persistent high oncogenic risk HPV-infection. Immune system plays a major role in HPV-infection. Altered cell-mediated immune response is responsible for impaired potential to HPV eradication. On the other hand, immune evasion contributes to viral persistence and cancer progression. Oncogenes, cancer suppressor genes (Rb and TP53), cytokine (ILs, IFNG) and chemokine (CXCL) genes, the genes involved in antigen processing, as well as an impact for each gene polymorphism or even haplotypes playing a role in cervical carcinogenesis are mainly involved in CC developing.

Conclusion

Conclusion. The data obtained allowed to demonstrate a role for genetic polymorphisms in the genes encoding cytokines, chemokines, diverse receptors as well as those involved in antigen processing, and cancer suppressor genes in perpetuation of HPV-infection.

Цель исследования

Цель исследования: рассмотреть роль генетических факторов и вируса папилломы человека (ВПЧ) в развитии неоплазии шейки матки на основании современных литературных данных по вирусному канцерогенезу.

Материалы и методы

Материалы и методы. Выполнен систематический обзор литературы по генетической предрасположенности к раку шейки матки (РШМ) на основе электронных данных: поиск осуществляли в Международных научных базах данных (МНБД) PubMed/MEDLINE, также проводили ручной поиск в списках первоисточников рассматриваемых исследований. Отбирали только полнотекстовые публикации.

Результаты и обсуждение

Результаты и обсуждение. РШМ представляет собой мультифакториальное заболевание, которое подразумевает, что оно имеет генетическую предрасположенность хозяина и вызвано персистирующей ВПЧ-инфекцией высокого онкогенного риска. Иммунная система играет главную роль в инфекции ВПЧ. Изменения в механизмах клеточного иммунного ответа ответственны за неспособность устранить ВПЧ. С другой стороны, иммунная толерантность способствует вирусной персистенции и прогрессированию рака. Основными генами, участвующими в развитии РШМ, являются онкогены, генысупрессоры опухолей (Rb и TP53), цитокины (IL, IFNG), хемокины (CXCL), гены, участвующие в процессинге антигенов, а также вклад каждого полиморфизма или даже гаплотипы играют роль в канцерогенезме шейки матки.

Заключение

Заключение. Результаты исследований позволили показать роль генетических полиморфизмов цитокинов, хемокинов, рецепторов, генов, участвующих в регуляции процессинга антигенов, и генов-супресоров опухолей в хронизации ВПЧ-инфекции.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.