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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">akusherstvo</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproduction</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Акушерство, Гинекология и Репродукция</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2313-7347</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2500-3194</issn><publisher><publisher-name>IRBIS LLC</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17749/2313-7347.2019.13.4.337-344</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">akusherstvo-602</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>REVIEW ARTICLE</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>НАУЧНЫЙ ОБЗОР</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Significance of the pineal gland hormone melatonin in maintaining the health of women of reproductive age (a review)</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Роль гормона эпифиза мелатонина в сохранении здоровья женщин репродуктивного возраста (обзор литературы)</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4994-6265</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Данилова</surname><given-names>М. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Danilova</surname><given-names>M. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p> Данилова Марина Валерьевна – врач акушер-гинеколог</p><p>Россия, 454048 Челябинск, ул. Воровского, д. 16</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Marina V. Danilova – Obstetrician-gynecologist</p><p>16 Vorovskogo St., Chelyabinsk 454048, Russia.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">danilova-mv@bk.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9644-0216</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Усольцева</surname><given-names>Е. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Usoltseva</surname><given-names>E. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Усольцева Елена Николаевна – д.м.н., доцент кафедры акушерства и гинекологии Института дополнительного профессионального образования</p><p>Россия, 454092 Челябинск, ул. Воровского, д. 64.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Elena N. Usoltseva – MD, PhD, Associate Professor, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Institute of Continuing Professional Education</p><p>64 Vorovskogo St., Chelyabinsk 454092, Russia.</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>МАУЗ ОТКЗ «Городская клиническая больница № 1»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>City Clinical Hospital № 1</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО «Южно-Уральский государственный медицинский университет» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>South Ural State Medical University, Health Ministry of Russian Federation</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2019</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>16</day><month>01</month><year>2020</year></pub-date><volume>13</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>337</fpage><lpage>344</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Danilova M.V., Usoltseva E.N., 2020</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2020</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Данилова М.В., Усольцева Е.Н.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Danilova M.V., Usoltseva E.N.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.gynecology.su/jour/article/view/602">https://www.gynecology.su/jour/article/view/602</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Introduction</title><p>Introduction. Maintaining women's reproductive health is an important task that requires safe approaches based on the pathogenesis. More and more studies address the role of the pineal gland (epiphysis) hormone melatonin (МТ) in the functioning of the reproductive system, as well as the impact of МТ deficiency on the women’s health.</p></sec><sec><title>Aim</title><p>Aim: to analyze and summarize the available literature about the role of the pineal gland hormone МТ in the pathogenesis of gynecological diseases in women of reproductive age (infertility, endometriosis, polycystic ovary syndrome, premenstrual syndrome), and also about the impact of МТ deficiency on the health of women working night shifts.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. The relevant publications were searched in domestic (eLibrary, CyberLeninka.ru) and international (Pubmed, Cochrane Library) databases; we looked up the materials published in the recent 7 years. In our search, we prioritized the free access to full text articles. The selection of sources was limited to the period from 2012 to 2019.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. МТ is involved in the development of follicles by causing the oocytes maturation, promoting the development of embryos, inhibiting the synthesis of steroids in the ovaries and, therefore, reducing the level of steroids in the blood. MT delays ovarian aging through a variety of mechanisms, including the antioxidant action, the maintenance of the due length of the telomere, the upregulated expression of the aging-related SIRT genes, and also the regulation of the ribosome functioning. As MT protects germ cells from oxidative stress, it is essential for normal ovulation, fertilization and further development of the embryo; this hormone has an impact on the duration of the woman's fertility and the onset of menopause. MT has a potential therapeutic effect on endometriosis. The oncostatic role of MT in hormone-dependent breast tumors has been described. Disruption of normal MT production during night shifts is associated with the risk of developing breast cancer in shift workers. MT deficiency leads to circadian desynchronosis and may cause both somatic disorders (metabolic syndrome, obesity, oncopathology) and neuroendocrine dysregulation of the female reproductive system.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. The variety of physiological functions of the pineal gland hormone MT emphasizes the pathogenetic role of its deficiency in many gynecological and somatic diseases. Of particular relevance is the increased risk of cardiovascular disorders, the development of metabolic syndrome and breast cancer in women who work night shifts. Therefore, it is important both to maintain normal endogenous level of MT and also use its therapeutic potential to maintain the health of women of reproductive age.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. Сохранение фертильного здоровья женщин является важной задачей и требует поиска новых патогенетически обоснованных и безопасных подходов. В последнее время все больше исследований посвящено роли эпифизарного гормона мелатонина (МТ) в функциях репродуктивной системы, а также влиянию на здоровье нарушенной продукции этого индоламина.</p></sec><sec><title>Цель исследования</title><p>Цель исследования: проанализировать и обобщить имеющиеся данные литературы о роли гормона эпифиза МТ в патогенезе гинекологических заболеваний репродуктивного возраста (бесплодие, эндометриоз, синдром поликистозных яичников, предменструальный синдром), а также влиянии дефицита этого гормона на здоровье женщин, работающих в ночную смену.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Поиск научных публикаций за последние 7 лет проводился в отечественных (eLibrary, CyberLeninka.ru) и международных (PubMed, Cochrane Library) базах данных. Приоритетным являлся свободный доступ к полному тексту статей. Выбор источников был ограничен периодом с 2012 по 2019 гг.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. МТ участвует в развитии фолликулов, вызывает созревание ооцитов и способствует развитию эмбрионов, подавляет синтез стероидов в яичниках и, следовательно, снижает их уровень в крови. МТ задерживает старение яичников с помощью множества механизмов, включая антиоксидантное действие, поддержание должной длины тело- мер, стимулирование экспрессии связанных со старением генов SIRT и функции рибосом. Защищая половые клетки от окислительного стресса, МТ способствует качественной овуляции, оплодотворению и развитию эмбриона, определяет длительность фертильного периода жизни женщины и наступление менопаузы. МТ обладает потенциальным терапевтическим эффектом при эндометриозе. Описана онкостатическая роль МТ при гормонозависимых опухолях молочной железы. Нарушение нормальной продукции МТ во время ночной смены связывают с риском развития рака молочной железы у сменных рабочих. Дефицит МТ приводит к возникновению десинхроноза и развитию связанных с ним как соматических заболеваний (метаболического синдрома, ожирения, онкопатологии), так и к нарушению нейроэндокринной регуляции женской репродуктивной системы.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Многообразие физиологических функций гормона эпифиза МТ определяет несомненную роль его дефицита в патогенезе многих гинекологических и соматических заболеваний. Особенно актуальным является повышение риска патологии сердечно-сосудистой системы, развитие метаболического синдрома и рака молочной железы у женщин, имеющих ночные рабочие смены. Поэтому крайне важным является как сохранение его нормальной эндогенной продукции, так и возможность терапевтического использования данного гормона для сохранения здоровья женщин репродуктивного возраста.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>женщины</kwd><kwd>мелатонин</kwd><kwd>репродуктивный возраст</kwd><kwd>эпифиз</kwd><kwd>работа в ночную смену</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>women</kwd><kwd>melatonin</kwd><kwd>reproductive age</kwd><kwd>pineal gland</kwd><kwd>night shift work</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Хронобиология и хрономедицина: монография. Под ред. С.М. Чибисова, С.И. Рапопорта, М.Л. Благонравова. М.: РУДН, 2018. 828 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Chronobiology and chronomedicine: monograph. [Hronobiologiya i hronomedicina: monografiya. Pod red. S.M. Chibisova, S.I. Rapoporta, M.L. 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