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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">akusherstvo</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproduction</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Акушерство, Гинекология и Репродукция</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2313-7347</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2500-3194</issn><publisher><publisher-name>IRBIS LLC</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17749/2313-7347.2018.12.4.062-070</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">akusherstvo-536</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>REVIEW ARTICLE</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>НАУЧНЫЙ ОБЗОР</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Topical issues of prevention, diagnosis and treatment of vulvar and vaginal cancer</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Актуальные вопросы профилактики, диагностики и лечения рака вульвы и влагалища</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7456-2386</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Солопова</surname><given-names>А. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Solopova</surname><given-names>A. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.м.н., профессор кафедры акушерства и гинекологии медико-профилактического факультета</p><p>Россия, 109004 Москва, ул. Земляной Вал, д. 62</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, PhD, Professor, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Clinical and Preventive Medicine</p><p>62 St. Zemlyanoi Val, Moscow 109004, Russia</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">antoninasolopova@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Москвичёва</surname><given-names>В. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Moskvichyova</surname><given-names>V. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>клинический ординатор кафедры спортивной медицины и медицинской реабилитации лечебного факультета</p><p>Россия, 109004 Москва, ул. Земляной Вал, д. 62</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Clinical Resident, Department of Sports Medicine and Medical Rehabilitation, Faculty of General Medicine</p><p>62 St. Zemlyanoi Val, Moscow 109004, Russia</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">moskvicheva_viktoria@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Блбулян</surname><given-names>Т. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Blbulyan</surname><given-names>T. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>ассистент кафедры акушерства и гинекологии</p><p>Армения, Ереван 0025, ул. Корюна, д. 2;</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Assistant, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology</p><p>2 Koryun St., Yerevan 0025, Armenia</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">tblbulyan@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шкода</surname><given-names>А. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shkoda</surname><given-names>A. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.м.н., профессор, главный врач</p><p>Россия, 123423 Москва, ул. Саляма Адиля, д. 2/44</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, PhD, Professor, Chief Physician</p><p>2/44 Salyama Adilya St., Moscow 123423, Russia</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">67gkb@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7415-4633</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Макацария</surname><given-names>А. Д.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Makatsariya</surname><given-names>A. D.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.м.н., член-корреспондент РАН, профессор, зав. кафедрой акушерства и гинекологии медико-профилактического факультета</p><p>Россия, 109004 Москва, ул. Земляной Вал, д. 62</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, PhD, Corresponding Member of RAS, Professor, Head of the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Clinical and Preventive Medicine</p><p>62 St. Zemlyanoi Val, Moscow 109004, Russia</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">gemostasis@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГАОУ ВО «Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет&#13;
имени И.М. Сеченова»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Ереванский государственный медицинский университет имени Мхитара Гераци</institution><country>Армения</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Yerevan State Medical University named after Mkhitar Heratsi</institution><country>Armenia</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ГБУЗ «Городская клиническая больница № 67 имени Л.А. Ворохобова</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>City Clinical Hospital № 67 named after L.A. Vorokhobov</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-4"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГАОУ ВО «Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет имени И.М. Сеченова»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2018</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>26</day><month>02</month><year>2019</year></pub-date><volume>12</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>62</fpage><lpage>70</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Solopova A.G., Moskvichyova V.S., Blbulyan T.A., Shkoda A.S., Makatsariya A.D., 2019</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2019</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Солопова А.Г., Москвичёва В.С., Блбулян Т.А., Шкода А.С., Макацария А.Д.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Solopova A.G., Moskvichyova V.S., Blbulyan T.A., Shkoda A.S., Makatsariya A.D.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.gynecology.su/jour/article/view/536">https://www.gynecology.su/jour/article/view/536</self-uri><abstract><p>Vulvar cancer is a rare malignant tumor with the incidence rate of is 3–8 % of the total incidence of female genital malignant diseases. This disease is the 4th common cause of mortality (after cervical, endometrial and ovarian cancers) and accounts for 18.2 % of the total lethal outcomes. The anatomical structure of the external female organs with their extensive lymphatic and vascular networks contribute to the aggressive course, the trend to metastasize and rapid tumor growth. Progress in the timely diagnosis of vulvar and vaginal cancer is directly linked to increased competence and oncological vigilance among general practitioners and healthcare institutions. It is up to the primary care providers to identify women at risk or at the initial stages of cancer, and refer them to specialized medical facilities for further diagnostics and treatment. The high mortality from these diseases may be linked to the late detection and to the suboptimal therapy, which necessitates further research in this area.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Рак вульвы – редкая злокачественная опухоль, составляющая 3–8 % от общего показателя заболеваемости злокачественными опухолями женской половой системы. Однако в структуре смертности данная патология занимает четвертое место после рака шейки матки, тела матки и яичников и составляет 18,2 %. Особенности анатомического строения наружных половых органов женщины с развитой системой кровеносных и лимфатических сосудов обуславливают агрессивное течение, склонность к метастазированию и быстрому росту опухоли данной локализации. Перспективы своевременной диагностики рака вульвы и опухолей влагалища имеют прямую связь с повышением грамотности и онкологической настороженности персонала в медицинских учреждениях общего профиля, в реализации которых важную роль играет не только выявление заболевания на ранних стадиях, но и работа с женщинами из групп риска для направления их на дальнейшее обследование и, при необходимости, на лечение в специализированное учреждение. Высокая смертность от данных заболеваний связана с обращаемостью женщин уже на поздних стадиях развития онкологического процесса, а также с недостаточной эффективностью проводимой терапии, что обуславливает необходимость развития исследований в этой области.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>рак вульвы и влагалища</kwd><kwd>плоскоклеточный рак вульвы</kwd><kwd>фотодинамическая терапия</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>vulvar and vaginal cancer</kwd><kwd>squamous cell vulvar cancer</kwd><kwd>photodynamic therapy</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Злокачественные новообразования в России в 2014 году (заболеваемость и смертность). Под ред. А.Д. Каприна, В.В. Старинского, Г.В. Петровой. М.: МНИОИ им. П.А. 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