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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">akusherstvo</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproduction</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Акушерство, Гинекология и Репродукция</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2313-7347</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2500-3194</issn><publisher><publisher-name>IRBIS LLC</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17749/2313-7347.2017.11.3.043-049</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">akusherstvo-438</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ОRIGINAL ARTICLES</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>VAGINAL BIOCENOSIS  IN PREGNANT WOMEN</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>ВЛИЯНИЕ БЕРЕМЕННОСТИ НА БИОЦЕНОЗ ВЛАГАЛИЩА</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Подгорная</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Podgornaya</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Подгорная Анна Валерьевна  – ассистент кафедры акушерства и гинекологии.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Podgornaya Anna Valerevna – Assistant, Department of Obstetrics and GynecologyF.</p><p>Moskovskiy trakt, 2, Tomsk, 634050</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">an_podgornaya@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Махмутходжаев</surname><given-names>А. Ш.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Makhmutkhodzhaev</surname><given-names>A. Sh.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Махмутходжаев Алишер Шавкатович – д.м.н., профессор кафедры акушерства и гинекологии.</p><p>Московский тракт, 2, Томск, 634050</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Makhmutkhodzhaev Alisher Shavkatovich – MD, Professor, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology.</p><p>Moskovskiy trakt, 2, Tomsk, 634050</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">alisher_sh_m@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО «Сибирский государственный  медицинский университет» Министерства здравоохранения  Российской Федерации</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Siberian State Medical University, Health Ministry of Russian Federation</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2017</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>06</day><month>12</month><year>2017</year></pub-date><volume>11</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>43</fpage><lpage>49</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Podgornaya A.V., Makhmutkhodzhaev A.S., 2017</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2017</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Подгорная А.В., Махмутходжаев А.Ш.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Podgornaya A.V., Makhmutkhodzhaev A.S.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.gynecology.su/jour/article/view/438">https://www.gynecology.su/jour/article/view/438</self-uri><abstract><p>Bacterial vaginosis developing in pregnancy is associated with abnormal vaginal flora and with an imbalance of cytokines and antimicrobial peptides.</p><p>The aim of this research was to study the bacterial, cytokine and antimicrobial components of the vaginal nonspecific immune system in the second and third trimesters of pregnancy among patients with recurrent bacterial vaginosis. </p><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. The study included 40 pregnant women with recurrent bacterial vaginosis (Group 1), and 40 healthy pregnant women with no signs of vaginosis (Group 2). At the onset of this study, the average gestational age among the selected women was 14.8 ± 2.0 weeks. We analyzed clinical and laboratory parameters  of bacterial vaginosis,  qualitative and quantitative characteristics of the vaginal flora, the levels of β-defensin-2 (HBD-2), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), interleukin-4 (IL-4), interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-8 (IL-8), interleukin-10 (IL-10), and interferon-γ (INF-γ) in vaginal washouts.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. The pregnant women with recurrent bacterial vaginosis tested at the 30th week of gestation, had moderate vaginal dysbiosis  caused by an increased number of anaerobic microorganisms. Along with that, at the beginning of the third trimester, the number of lactobacillus bacteria increased  in both Group 1 and Group 2. Notably, the predominant species in the healthy women samples was L. crispatus whereas in patients with recurrent bacterial vaginosis that was L. iners. There were no changes in the levels of cytokines and antimicrobial peptide between the second and third trimester in women with recurrent bacterial vaginosis.  In this group (Group 1), however, the levels of HBD-2, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-10, INF-γ were lower in comparison with healthy pregnant women (Group 2), which can be seen as a risk factor of further returns of the disease.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. Pregnant women with recurrent bacterial vaginosis as well as women with normal course of gestation have an increased presence of lactobacilli bacteria in their vagina during the third trimester of gestation. No other changes in the bacterial, antimicrobial and cytokine components of the nonspecific immune system in the female reproductive tract were found.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Бактериальный вагиноз во время беременности помимо нарушения флоры влагалища  сопровождается изменением баланса цитокинов и антимикробных пептидов.</p><p>Цель настоящего исследования заключалась в изучении бактериального, цитокинового и антимикробного компонентов неспецифического иммунитета влагалища во II и III триместрах  беременности у женщин с рецидивирующим бактериальным вагинозом  и при нормальном  течении гестации.</p><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Обследовано 40 беременных с рецидивирующим бактериальным вагинозом, составивших первую группу наблюдения, и 40 здоровых женщин в период гестации, включенных во вторую группу. Средний срок беременности на начало исследования составил 14,8 ± 2,0 недель. В обеих группах осуществляли анализ клинических и лабораторных  характеристик биоценоза, качественного и количественного  состава влагалищной флоры, определяли содержание β-дефензина-2 (HBD-2), интерлейкина-1β (ИЛ-1β), интерлейкина-4 (ИЛ-4), интерлейкина-6  (ИЛ-6), интерлейкина-8  (ИЛ-8), интерлейкина-10  (ИЛ-10), интерферона-γ  (ИНФ-γ) в смывах из влагалища.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Обнаружено сохранение умеренного дисбиоза влагалища у большинства беременных с рецидивирующим бактериальным вагинозом при сроке 30 недель за счет увеличения относительного содержания отдельных видов анаэробных микроорганизмов. В то же  время в обеих группах в начале III триместра выявлено увеличение общего количества  лактобактерий с преобладанием L. crispatus у здоровых женщин и доминированием L. iners у пациенток с рецидивирующим бактериальным вагинозом. При оценке уровней изученных  цитокинов и антимикробного белка статистически значимых изменений в их концентрации у пациенток с рецидивирующем бактериальном вагинозе в динамике беременности выявлено не было. При этом отмечено снижение  уровней HBD-2, ИЛ-1β, ИЛ-6, ИЛ-10,  ИНФ-γ у женщин данной группы по сравнению со здоровыми беременными в сопоставимые сроки гестации, что повышает  риск последующих рецидивов заболевания.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. У беременных с рецидивирующим  бактериальным вагинозом и при нормальном течении гестации наблюдается увеличение абсолютного  количества лактобактерий во влагалище в III триместре с отсутствием статистически значимых изменений остальных характеристик бактериального,  антимикробного  и цитокинового компонентов неспецифического иммунитета женского репродуктивного тракта.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>бактериальный вагиноз</kwd><kwd>беременность</kwd><kwd>антимикробные пептиды</kwd><kwd>цитокины</kwd><kwd>неспецифический иммунитет</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>bacterial vaginosis</kwd><kwd>pregnancy</kwd><kwd>antimicrobial peptides</kwd><kwd>cytokines</kwd><kwd>nonspecific  immunity</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Romero R., Hassan S.S., Gajer P. et al. 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