akusherstvoObstetrics, Gynecology and ReproductionАкушерство, Гинекология и Репродукция2313-73472500-3194IRBIS LLC10.17749/2313-7347/ob.gyn.rep.2026.731akusherstvo-2748Research ArticleREVIEW ARTICLEНАУЧНЫЙ ОБЗОРMolecular and immunological predictors of outcomes in assisted reproductive technology programsМолекулярные и иммунные предикторы эффективности программ вспомогательных репродуктивных технологийhttps://orcid.org/0009-0008-1857-106XСаркисьянН. М.SarkisyanN. M.

Саркисьян Николай Мехакович 

350063 Краснодар, ул. имени Митрофана Седина, д. 4

Nikolay M. Sarkisyan

4 Mitrofana Sedina Str., Krasnodar 350063

nikolay.nik24.03@gmail.comhttps://orcid.org/0009-0003-8459-9259КуленкоО. Н.KulenkoO. N.

Куленко Олеся Николаевна 

350063 Краснодар, ул. имени Митрофана Седина, д. 4

Olesya N. Kulenko

4 Mitrofana Sedina Str., Krasnodar 350063

https://orcid.org/0009-0006-0651-7782ВасищевД. С.VasischevD. S.

Васищев Дмитрий Сергеевич 

350063 Краснодар, ул. имени Митрофана Седина, д. 4

Dmitry S. Vasischev

4 Mitrofana Sedina Str., Krasnodar 350063

https://orcid.org/0009-0007-3499-7899СавенкоА. В.SavenkoA. V.

Савенко Анастасия Владимировна 

350063 Краснодар, ул. имени Митрофана Седина, д. 4

Anastasia V. Savenko

4 Mitrofana Sedina Str., Krasnodar 350063

https://orcid.org/0009-0002-6262-3337БабаеваС. К.BabaevaS. K.

Бабаева Саида Казбековна 

355017 Ставрополь, ул. Мира, д. 310

Saida K. Babaeva

310 Mira Str., Stavropol 355017

https://orcid.org/0009-0001-7622-7653ХубиеваМ. Р.KhubievaM. R.

Хубиева Мадина Расуловна

355017 Ставрополь, ул. Мира, д. 310

Madina R. Khubieva

310 Mira Str., Stavropol 355017

https://orcid.org/0009-0005-9488-5042ОгановаА. С.OganovaA. S.

Оганова Алина Сергеевна 

355017 Ставрополь, ул. Мира, д. 310

Alina S. Oganova

310 Mira Str., Stavropol 355017

https://orcid.org/0009-0005-6216-3926МирзебасоваА. М.MirzebasovaA. M.

Мирзебасова Алина Модестовна 

355017 Ставрополь, ул. Мира, д. 310

Alina M. Mirzebasova

310 Mira Str., Stavropol 355017

https://orcid.org/0009-0004-9758-5611ЦакаеваЭ. А.TsakaevaE. A.

Цакаева Эльза Аптиевна 

385000 Республика Адыгея, Майкоп, ул. Первомайская, д. 191

Elza A. Tsakaeva, MD

191 Pervomayskaya Str., Maikop, Republic of Adygea 385000

https://orcid.org/0009-0009-3850-075XСамургановаМ. Д.SamurganovaM. D.

Самурганова Мария Демокритовна 

400131 Волгоград, площадь Павших борцов, д. 1

Maria D. Samurganova, MD

1 Pavshikh Bortsov Square, Volgograd 400131

https://orcid.org/0009-0009-5934-483XГусароваС. С.GusarovaS. S.

Гусарова Светлана Сергеевна 

390026 Рязань, ул. Высоковольтная, д. 9

Svetlana S. Gusarova

9 Vysokovoltnaya Str., Ryazan 390026

https://orcid.org/0009-0007-5721-3778ЕфановВ. О.EfanovV. O.

Ефанов Владислав Олегович 

390026 Рязань, ул. Высоковольтная, д. 9

Vladislav O. Efanov

9 Vysokovoltnaya Str., Ryazan 390026

ФГБОУ ВО «Кубанский государственный медицинский университет» Министерства здравоохранения Российской ФедерацииРоссияKuban State Medical University, Ministry of Health of the Russian FederationRussian FederationФГБОУ ВО «Ставропольский государственный медицинский университет» Министерства здравоохранения Российской ФедерацииРоссияStavropol State Medical University, Ministry of Health of the Russian FederationRussian FederationФГБОУ ВО «Майкопский государственный технологический университет»РоссияMaikop State Technological UniversityRussian FederationПятигорский медико-фармацевтический институт – филиал ФГБОУ ВО «Волгоградский государственный медицинский университет» Министерства здравоохранения Российской ФедерацииРоссияPyatigorsk Medical and Pharmaceutical Institute – Branch of Volgograd State Medical University, Ministry of Health of the Russian FederationRussian FederationФГБОУ ВО «Рязанский государственный медицинский университет имени академика И.П. Павлова» Министерства здравоохранения Российской ФедерацииРоссияPavlov Ryazan State Medical University, Ministry of Health of the Russian FederationRussian FederationФГБОУ ВО «Рязанский государственный медицинский университет имени академика И.П. Павлова» Министерства здравоохранения Российской ФедерацииРоссия5Pavlov Ryazan State Medical University, Ministry of Health of the Russian FederationRussian Federation20200604202600Online First2748Copyright © Sarkisyan N.M., Kulenko O.N., Vasischev D.S., Savenko A.V., Babaeva S.K., Khubieva M.R., Oganova A.S., Mirzebasova A.M., Tsakaeva E.A., Samurganova M.D., Gusarova S.S., Efanov V.O., 20202020Саркисьян Н.М., Куленко О.Н., Васищев Д.С., Савенко А.В., Бабаева С.К., Хубиева М.Р., Оганова А.С., Мирзебасова А.М., Цакаева Э.А., Самурганова М.Д., Гусарова С.С., Ефанов В.О.Sarkisyan N.M., Kulenko O.N., Vasischev D.S., Savenko A.V., Babaeva S.K., Khubieva M.R., Oganova A.S., Mirzebasova A.M., Tsakaeva E.A., Samurganova M.D., Gusarova S.S., Efanov V.O.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.gynecology.su/jour/article/view/2748

Despite substantial advances in assisted reproductive technologies (ART), the proportion of unsuccessful in vitro fertilization cycles remains considerable, highlighting the need for additional prognostic tools. In recent years, increasing attention has been directed toward molecular and immunological markers that reflect oocyte competence, embryo developmental potential, endometrial receptivity, and the patient’s systemic inflammatory status. This review summarizes current evidence regarding the diagnostic and predictive value of biomarkers identified in follicular fluid, peripheral blood, and endometrial tissue. Particular emphasis is placed on oxidative stress markers (malondialdehyde, advanced oxidation protein products), antioxidant enzymes (including glutathione peroxidase), microRNAs and other non-coding RNAs, as well as immunological parameters such as cytokines, complement components, and immune cell subsets. Data on circulating cell-free DNA as an indicator of follicular microenvironment status are also discussed. Available evidence suggests that disturbances in redox balance and alterations in local immune regulation may be associated with impaired embryo quality and reduced implantation rates. However, substantial methodological heterogeneity, small sample sizes, and the lack of standardized assessment protocols limit the clinical applicability for many proposed biomarkers. Integration of molecular markers with clinical parameters, supported by multi-omics approaches, offers promising opportunities for the personalization of ART strategies. Nevertheless, large prospective studies with robust validation and evaluation of cost-effectiveness are required before these biomarkers can be incorporated into routine clinical practice.

Несмотря на значительный прогресс вспомогательных репродуктивных технологий (ВРТ), частота неудачных циклов экстракорпорального оплодотворения остается высокой, что обуславливает необходимость поиска дополнительных прогностических инструментов. В последние годы активно изучаются молекулярные и иммунные маркеры, способные отражать функциональное состояние ооцита, эмбриона и эндометрия, а также особенности системного воспалительного ответа пациентки. В представленном обзоре обобщены современные данные о диагностической и прогностической ценности биомаркеров фолликулярной жидкости, периферической крови и эндометрия. Рассмотрена роль показателей окислительного стресса (малоновый диальдегид, белковые продукты повышенной окисляемости), ферментативных антиоксидантов (глутатионпероксидаза и др.), микроРНК и других некодирующих РНК, а также иммунологических параметров, включая цитокины, компоненты системы комплемента и клеточные субпопуляции. Проанализированы данные о прогностической значимости внеклеточной ДНК как индикатора состояния фолликулярной микросреды. Показано, что дисбаланс редокс-системы и нарушения локальной иммунной регуляции могут ассоциироваться с ухудшением качества эмбрионов и снижением вероятности имплантации. В то же время высокая гетерогенность методик, малые выборки и отсутствие стандартизированных протоколов ограничивают клиническое применение большинства маркеров. Интеграция молекулярных показателей с клиническими данными и использование мультиомиксных подходов открывают перспективы персонализации программ ВРТ. Однако для внедрения данных технологий в рутинную практику необходимы крупные проспективные исследования с оценкой воспроизводимости и экономической целесообразности.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.