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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">akusherstvo</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproduction</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Акушерство, Гинекология и Репродукция</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2313-7347</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2500-3194</issn><publisher><publisher-name>IRBIS LLC</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17749/2313-7347/ob.gyn.rep.2025.557</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">akusherstvo-2429</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ОRIGINAL ARTICLES</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Pathogenetic approach to the treatment of coagulopathic bleeding in obstetrics</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Патогенетический подход к лечению коагулопатического кровотечения в акушерстве</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0180-7370</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сушко</surname><given-names>Т. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sushko</surname><given-names>T. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Сушко Татьяна Андреевна</p><p>192014 Санкт-Петербург, ул. Маяковского, д. 5</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Tatyana A. Sushko, MD</p><p>5 Mayakovskogo Str., Saint Petersburg 192014</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">tanuf93@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2622-5000</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Зайнулина</surname><given-names>М. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zainulina</surname><given-names>M. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Зайнулина Марина Сабировна, д.м.н., проф.</p><p>Scopus Author ID: 37076359000</p><p>WoS ResearcherID: B-5746-2018</p><p>192014 Санкт-Петербург, ул. Маяковского, д. 5</p><p>195271 Санкт-Петербург, Кондратьевский проспект, д. 72, лит. А</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Marina S. Zainulina, MD, Dr Sci Med, Prof.</p><p>Scopus Author ID: 37076359000</p><p>WoS ResearcherID: B-5746-2018</p><p>5 Mayakovskogo Str., Saint Petersburg 192014</p><p>72 lit. A, Kondratievsky Prospekt, Saint Petersburg 195271</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>СПб ГБУЗ «Родильный дом № 6 имени профессора В.Ф. Снегирева»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Professor Snegirev Maternity Hospital No. 6</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>СПб ГБУЗ «Родильный дом № 6 имени профессора В.Ф. Снегирева»; ЧОУ ВО «Санкт-Петербургский медико-социальный институт»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Professor Snegirev Maternity Hospital No. 6; Saint Petersburg Medical and Social Institute</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>10</day><month>05</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>19</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>216</fpage><lpage>229</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Sushko T.A., Zainulina M.S., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Сушко Т.А., Зайнулина М.С.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Sushko T.A., Zainulina M.S.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.gynecology.su/jour/article/view/2429">https://www.gynecology.su/jour/article/view/2429</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Aim</title><p>Aim: to justify a differentiated approach to the treatment of obstetric coagulopathic bleeding depending on the nature of hemostasis disorders.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and Methods</title><p>Materials and Methods. A prospective cohort study was conducted involving 52 patients with postpartum hemorrhage (PPH) who gave a child birth between 2021 and 2023. Diagnostics and treatment of coagulopathy was carried out according to the algorithm using thromboelastometry (TEM) parameters. Patients were divided into 3 groups depending on blood loss volume: group 1 (n = 19) – blood loss up to 1499 ml; group 2 (n = 14) – blood loss from 1500 to 1999 ml; group 3 (n = 19) – blood loss 2000 ml and more. The following hemostasis parameters were determined: platelet count, prothrombin index, activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT), Claus fibrinogen level, international normalized ratio, and TEM parameters, including clotting time (CT), clot formation time (CFT), maximum clot firmness (MCF), and maximum clot firmness at 10 minutes (A10) on the EXTEM channels (a test in which recombinant tissue factor is used to activate the extrinsic coagulation pathway), FIBTEM (a test in which platelet activity is suppressed by cytochalasin D, which allows detecting fibrinogen deficiency or qualitative disturbances in fibrin polymerization), and INTEM (a test in which ellagic acid is used as a contact activator of the intrinsic coagulation pathway). Blood samples were collected before administration of blood components and products, tranexamic acid.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. Statistically significant differences were found for the fibrinogen level, MCF and A10 parameters on the FIBTEM channel depending on blood loss volume (p &lt; 0.05), indicating a decrease in the quality of fibrin clot upon with increasing blood loss. Highly tight direct relationships were found between the fibrinogen, MCF and A10 values, demonstrating that with a decrease in the fibrinogen level at the time of bleeding by 1.0 g/L, a decrease in MCF by 3.802 mm (the resulting model explains 64.3 % of the observed variance), and A10 by 3.497 mm (the resulting model explains 64.1 % of the observed variance) should be expected. All patients whose blood loss volume reached 2000 ml and more were administered cryoprecipitate, the differences in the parameters were statistically significant between group 3 vs. group 1 and group 2 (p &lt; 0.001). TEM parameters CT and CFT on the INTEM channel also correlated with blood loss volume and had a significant direct correlation between noticeable tightness (according to the Chaddock scale) between APTT and CT (ρ = 0.612; p &lt; 0.001) as well as moderate tightness between APTT and CFT (rxy = 0.44; p = 0.017). The need for transfusion of fresh frozen plasma (FFP) and prothrombin complex concentrates (PCСs) arose with APTT more than 35 seconds in 77 % of cases (among all patients), with the CT parameter more than 260 seconds – in 63 % of cases and CFT more than 110 sec – in 63 % of cases, respectively; the differences in the indicators are significant while compared with those of patients requiring no introduction of FFP and PPC (p &lt; 0.05). Based on controlled transfusion protocol, in group 1, in 57.9 % of cases it was possible apply no transfusion therapy; the differences in indicators are significant while comparing group 2 and group 3 (p &lt; 0.05).</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. The use of the TEM method in the diagnostics of hemostasis disorders with PPH allowed for the differential and short-term application of pathogenetically justified therapy with blood components and preparations only in cases where it was required.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><sec><title>Цель</title><p>Цель: обосновать дифференцированный подход к лечению акушерских коагулопатических кровотечений в зависимости от характера нарушений системы гемостаза.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Проведено проспективное когортное исследование с участием 52 пациенток с послеродовым кровотечением (ПРК), родивших в период с 2021 по 2023 гг. Диагностика и лечение коагулопатии проводилось по алгоритму с использованием параметров тромбоэластометрии (ТЭМ). Пациенток разделили на 3 группы в зависимости от объема кровопотери: группа 1 (n = 19) – кровопотеря до 1500 мл; группа 2 (n = 14) – кровопотеря 1500–1999 мл; группа 3 (n = 19) – кровопотеря 2000 мл и более. Определяли показатели гемостаза: количество тромбоцитов, протромбиновый индекс, активированное частичное тромбопластиновое время (АЧТВ), уровень фибриногена по Клаусу, международное нормализованное отношение и параметры ТЭМ, включающие время свертывания (англ. clotting time, CT), время образования сгустка (англ. clot formation time, CFT), максимальную плотность сгустка (англ. maximum clot firmness, MCF), максимальную плотность сгустка на 10-й минуте (А10) на каналах EXTEM (тест, при котором для активации внешнего пути коагуляции используется рекомбинантный тканевой фактор), FIBTEM (тест, в котором активность тромбоцитов подавляется цитохалазином D, что позволяет обнаруживать дефицит фибриногена или качественные нарушения полимеризации фибрина) и INTEM (тест, где в качестве контактного активатора внутреннего пути коагуляции используется эллаговая кислота). Образцы крови отбирали до введения компонентов и препаратов крови, транексамовой кислоты.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Выявлены статистически значимые различия между уровнем фибриногена, параметрами MCF и A10 на канале FIBTEM в зависимости от объема кровопотери (р &lt; 0,05), что свидетельствовало о снижении качества фибринового сгустка с увеличением объема кровопотери. Установлены высокой тесноты прямые связи между значениями фибриногена, MCF и A10, которые демонстрируют, что при уменьшении уровня фибриногена на момент кровотечения на 1,0 г/л следует ожидать уменьшения MCF на 3,802 мм (полученная модель объясняет 64,3 % наблюдаемой дисперсии), а А10 – на 3,497 мм (полученная модель объясняет 64,1 % наблюдаемой дисперсии). Всем пациенткам, у которых объем кровопотери достигал более 2000 мл, вводили криопреципитат, различия показателей статистически значимы между группой 3 в сравнении с группами 1 и 2 (р &lt; 0,001). Параметры тромбоэластометрии CT и CFT на канале INTEM также коррелировали с объемом кровопотери и имели статистически значимую прямую корреляционную связь заметной тесноты (по шкале Чеддока) между АЧТВ и СТ (ρ = 0,612; р &lt; 0,001) и умеренной тесноты между АЧТВ и CFT (rxy = 0,44; р = 0,017). Необходимость в переливании свежезамороженной плазмы (СЗП) и препаратов протромбинового комплекса (ППК) возникала при АЧТВ более 35 секунд в 77 % случаев (среди всех пациенток), при параметре СТ более 260 секунд – в 63 % случаев и СFT более 110 секунд – в 63 % случаев, соответственно; различия показателей статистически значимы при сравнении с показателями пациенток, которым не требовалось введение СЗП и ППК (р &lt; 0,05). Благодаря протоколу контролируемой трансфузии, в группе 1 в 57,9 % случаев удалось обойтись без трансфузионной терапии; различия показателей статистически значимы в сравнении с группами 2 и 3 (р &lt; 0,05).</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Применение метода ТЭМ в диагностике нарушений в системе гемостаза при ПРК позволило дифференцированно и в короткие сроки применить патогенетически обоснованную терапию компонентами и препаратами крови только в тех случаях, где она требовалась.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>послеродовое кровотечение</kwd><kwd>ПРК</kwd><kwd>тромбоэластометрия</kwd><kwd>ТЭМ</kwd><kwd>менеджмент крови пациента</kwd><kwd>фибриноген</kwd><kwd>активированное частичное тромбопластиновое время</kwd><kwd>протромбиновый индекс</kwd><kwd>свежезамороженная плазма</kwd><kwd>СЗП</kwd><kwd>криопреципитат</kwd><kwd>препараты протромбинового комплекса</kwd><kwd>ППК</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>postpartum hemorrhage</kwd><kwd>PPH</kwd><kwd>thromboelastometry</kwd><kwd>TEM</kwd><kwd>patient blood management</kwd><kwd>fibrinogen</kwd><kwd>activated partial thromboplastin time</kwd><kwd>APTT</kwd><kwd>prothrombin index</kwd><kwd>fresh frozen plasma</kwd><kwd>FFP</kwd><kwd>cryoprecipitate</kwd><kwd>prothrombin complex concentrates</kwd><kwd>PCCs</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Jokinen S., Kuitunen A., Uotila J., Yli-Hankala A. 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