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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">akusherstvo</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproduction</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Акушерство, Гинекология и Репродукция</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2313-7347</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2500-3194</issn><publisher><publisher-name>IRBIS LLC</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17749/2313-7347/ob.gyn.rep.2025.620</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">akusherstvo-2410</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ОRIGINAL ARTICLES</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Taxonomic diversity of the intestinal microbiome landscape and its clinical significance in recurrent pregnancy loss</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Таксономическое разнообразие микробиомного кишечного ландшафта и его клиническое значение при привычном невынашивании беременности</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0006-8664-027X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Тормозова</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Tormozova</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Тормозова Арина Викторовна</p><p>295051 Симферополь, бульвар Ленина, д. 5/7</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Arina V. Tormozova</p><p>5/7 Lenin Avenue, Simferopol 295051</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0007-7094-1702</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Эракаева</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Erakaeva</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Эракаева Альбина Аметовна</p><p>295051 Симферополь, бульвар Ленина, д. 5/7</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Albina A. Erakaeva</p><p>5/7 Lenin Avenue, Simferopol 295051</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0000-2930-2342</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ибадуллаева</surname><given-names>Г. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ibadullaeva</surname><given-names>G. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ибадуллаева Гульнар Азизовна</p><p>295051 Симферополь, бульвар Ленина, д. 5/7</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Gulnar A. Ibadullaeva</p><p>5/7 Lenin Avenue, Simferopol 295051</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1009-6427</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Галата</surname><given-names>А. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Galata</surname><given-names>A. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Галата Анастасия Сергеевна </p><p>295051 Симферополь, бульвар Ленина, д. 5/7</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Anastasia S. Galata</p><p>5/7 Lenin Avenue, Simferopol 295051</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0001-0327-3392</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Асиновская</surname><given-names>А. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Asinovskaya</surname><given-names>A. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Асиновская Александра Сергеевна</p><p>295051 Симферополь, бульвар Ленина, д. 5/7</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alexandra S. Asinovskaya</p><p>5/7 Lenin Avenue, Simferopol 295051</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0006-8854-6543</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кузюра</surname><given-names>Д. Э.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kuzyura</surname><given-names>D. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кузюра Диана Энверовна</p><p>295051 Симферополь, бульвар Ленина, д. 5/7</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Diana E. Kuzyura</p><p>5/7 Lenin Avenue, Simferopol 295051</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0004-8799-8236</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ефремова</surname><given-names>К. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Efremova</surname><given-names>K. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ефремова Кристина Николаевна</p><p>295051 Симферополь, бульвар Ленина, д. 5/7</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Kristina N. Efremova</p><p>5/7 Lenin Avenue, Simferopol 295051</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0004-8975-5545</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Чос</surname><given-names>В. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Chos</surname><given-names>V. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Чос Валерия Максимовна</p><p>295051 Симферополь, бульвар Ленина, д. 5/7</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Valeria M. Chos</p><p>5/7 Lenin Avenue, Simferopol 295051</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0000-9151-9868</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сварник</surname><given-names>У. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Svarnik</surname><given-names>U. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Сварник Ульяна Владимировна</p><p>295051 Симферополь, бульвар Ленина, д. 5/7</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ulyana V. Svarnik</p><p>5/7 Lenin Avenue, Simferopol 295051</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0005-3054-2630</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Дьяченко</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Dyachenko</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Дьяченко Алина Александровна</p><p>295051 Симферополь, бульвар Ленина, д. 5/7</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alina A. Dyachenko</p><p>5/7 Lenin Avenue, Simferopol 295051</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7236-9569</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мавлютова</surname><given-names>А. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Mavlyutova</surname><given-names>A. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Мавлютова Айше Нариман кызы</p><p>295051 Симферополь, бульвар Ленина, д. 5/7</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ayshe N. Mavlyutova</p><p>5/7 Lenin Avenue, Simferopol 295051</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0002-8383-9970</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мукосий</surname><given-names>Л. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Mukosiy</surname><given-names>L. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Мукосий Людмила Андреевна </p><p>295051 Симферополь, бульвар Ленина, д. 5/7</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Lyudmila A. Mukosiy</p><p>5/7 Lenin Avenue, Simferopol 295051</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0006-6327-4641</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Карпусь</surname><given-names>Ю. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Karpus</surname><given-names>Yu. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Карпусь Юлия Сергеевна </p><p>295051 Симферополь, бульвар Ленина, д. 5/7</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Yulia S. Karpus</p><p>5/7 Lenin Avenue, Simferopol 295051</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0007-9587-8762</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Пирожкова</surname><given-names>Е. Д.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Pirozhkova</surname><given-names>E. D.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Пирожкова Евгения Дмитриевна </p><p>117513 Москва, ул. Островитянова, д. 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Evgeniya D. Pirozhkova</p><p>1 Ostrovityanovа Str., Moscow, 117513</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0006-9160-0416</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Альбекова</surname><given-names>Ф. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Albekova</surname><given-names>F. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Альбекова Федире Айдэровна </p><p>295051 Симферополь, бульвар Ленина, д. 5/7</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Fedire A. Albekova</p><p>5/7 Lenin Avenue, Simferopol 295051</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1862-6816</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сорокина</surname><given-names>Л. Е.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sorokina</surname><given-names>L. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Сорокина Лея Евгеньевна </p><p>295051 Симферополь, бульвар Ленина, д. 5/7; 117997 Москва, ул. Академика Опарина, д. 4</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Leya E. Sorokina - MD</p><p>5/7 Lenin Avenue, Simferopol 295051;  4 Academika Oparina Str., Moscow 117997</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">leya.sorokina@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГАОУ ВО «Крымский федеральный университет имени В.И. Вернадского»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Vernadsky Crimean Federal University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГАОУ ВО «Российский национальный исследовательский медицинский университет имени Н.И. Пирогова» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГАОУ ВО «Крымский федеральный университет имени В.И. Вернадского»; ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр акушерства, гинекологии и перинатологии имени академика В.И. Кулакова» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Vernadsky Crimean Federal University; Academician Kulakov National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>06</day><month>07</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>19</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>360</fpage><lpage>368</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Tormozova A.V., Erakaeva A.A., Ibadullaeva G.A., Galata A.S., Asinovskaya A.S., Kuzyura D.E., Efremova K.N., Chos V.M., Svarnik U.V., Dyachenko A.A., Mavlyutova A.N., Mukosiy L.A., Karpus Y.S., Pirozhkova E.D., Albekova F.A., Sorokina L.E., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Тормозова А.В., Эракаева А.А., Ибадуллаева Г.А., Галата А.С., Асиновская А.С., Кузюра Д.Э., Ефремова К.Н., Чос В.М., Сварник У.В., Дьяченко А.А., Мавлютова А.Н., Мукосий Л.А., Карпусь Ю.С., Пирожкова Е.Д., Альбекова Ф.А., Сорокина Л.Е.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Tormozova A.V., Erakaeva A.A., Ibadullaeva G.A., Galata A.S., Asinovskaya A.S., Kuzyura D.E., Efremova K.N., Chos V.M., Svarnik U.V., Dyachenko A.A., Mavlyutova A.N., Mukosiy L.A., Karpus Y.S., Pirozhkova E.D., Albekova F.A., Sorokina L.E.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.gynecology.su/jour/article/view/2410">https://www.gynecology.su/jour/article/view/2410</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Aim</title><p>Aim: to study taxonomic diversity of the intestinal microbiome landscape in relation to neuro-immune-humoral biomarkers in patients with recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL).</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and Methods</title><p>Materials and Methods. A cross-sectional comparative study was conducted by enrolling 55 pregnant women with history of RPL (main group) and 60 women with physiological pregnancy (control group). All women underwent serum tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukin (IL) IL-17, cortisol and melatonin levels assessment using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The taxonomic composition of the intestinal microbiota at the birth level was examined using 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequencing. The Chao1, Sobs, and ACE (Abundance Coverage Estimator) indices were used to assess α-diversity of microbial community.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. It was found that α-diversity of the bacterial community in patients with RPL was significantly decreased assessed by Chao1 index (p = 0.014). A significant decline in prevalence of the genera Bifidobacterium (p &lt; 0.001), Lаchnоsріra (p = 0.032), Roseburia (p = 0.003), Соррососcus (p = 0.012) was established along with rise in Ruminососсus (p &lt; 0.001) and Кlebsiеllа (p = 0.002) in women with RPL. Moreover, there were observed several significant relations: а positive correlation between abundance of Ruminococcus bacteria and TNF-α level (r = 0.49; p = 0.003), a negative correlation between abundance of Bifidobacterium and IL-17 (r = –0.54; p = 0.001), abundance of Lachnospira and cortisol level (r = –0.46; p = 0.002), as well as abundance of Coprococcus and melatonin level in blood serum (r = –0.58; p = 0.028).</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. It was found out that patients with RPL are characterized by dysbiotic changes in the microbiome landscape. The statistically significant correlations between some microbiota representatives and neuro-immune-humoral biomarkers suggest that dysbiotic alterations in the intestine may be involved in developing immune disorders and dysregulation of the pineal-pituitary-adrenal axis underlying RPL pathogenesis.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><sec><title>Цель</title><p>Цель: изучение таксономического разнообразия микробиомного кишечного ландшафта во взаимосвязи с нейро-иммунно-гуморальными биомаркерами у пациенток с привычным невынашиванием беременности (ПНБ).</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Проведено одномоментное сравнительное исследование с участием 55 беременных с ПНБ в анамнезе (основная группа) и 60 женщинами с физиологически протекающей беременностью (контрольная группа). Всем женщинам производили оценку сывороточных уровней фактора некроза опухоли альфа (англ. tumor necrosis factor-alpha, TNF-α), интерлейкина (англ. interleukin, IL) IL-17, кортизола и мелатонина с помощью твердофазного иммуноферментного анализа. Изучение таксономического состава кишечной микробиоты на уровне родов проводили методом секвенирования гена 16S рибосомальной РНК. Для оценки α-разнообразия сообщества использовали индексы Chao1, число обнаруженных таксонов (± SD; Sobs ) и показатель, демонстрирующий реальное количество таксонов (англ. Abundance Coverage Estimator, ACE).</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Зафиксировано значимое снижение α-разнообразия бактериального сообщества у пациенток с ПНБ по данным индекса Chao1 (p = 0,014). Установлено значимое уменьшение представленности родов Bifidоbасtеrium (р &lt; 0,001), Lаchnоsрirа (р = 0,032), Rоsеburiа (р = 0,003), Сорrососсus (р = 0,012) на фоне повышения Ruminоcоссus (р &lt; 0,001) и Кlеbsiеllа (р = 0,002) у женщин с ПНБ. Выявлена положительная корреляция между численностью бактерий Ruminococcus и уровнем TNF-α (r = 0,49; p = 0,003), отрицательная корреляция между количеством Bifidobacterium и IL-17 (r= –0,54; p = 0,001), численностью Lachnospira и содержанием кортизола (r = –0,46; p = 0,002), а также представленностью Coprococcus и уровнем мелатонина в сыворотке крови (r = –0,58; p = 0,028).</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Для пациенток с ПНБ характерны дисбиотические изменения микробиомного ландшафта. Обнаруженные статистически значимые корреляции некоторых представителей микробиоты с нейро-иммунно-гуморальными биомаркерами указывают на вовлеченность дисбиотических изменений кишечника в развитие иммунных нарушений и дисрегуляцию эпифизарно-гипофизарно-надпочечниковой оси, лежащих в основе патогенеза ПНБ.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>привычное невынашивание беременности</kwd><kwd>ПНБ</kwd><kwd>микробиота кишечника</kwd><kwd>нейро-иммунно-гуморальные биомаркеры</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>recurrent pregnancy loss</kwd><kwd>RPL</kwd><kwd>intestinal microbiota</kwd><kwd>neuro-immune-humoral biomarkers</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Авторы заявляют об отсутствии финансовой поддержки</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Клинические рекомендации – Выкидыш (самопроизвольный аборт) – 2021-2022-2023 (19.01.2023). 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