akusherstvoObstetrics, Gynecology and ReproductionАкушерство, Гинекология и Репродукция2313-73472500-3194IRBIS LLC10.17749/2313-7347/ob.gyn.rep.2025.617akusherstvo-2396Research ArticleREVIEW ARTICLESНАУЧНЫЕ ОБЗОРЫThe role of nanotechnologies in diagnostics and treatment of female reproductive system cancerРоль нанотехнологий в диагностике и лечении злокачественных новообразований женской репродуктивной системыhttps://orcid.org/0009-0006-0112-199XФайзуллинаЗ. Р.FaizullinaZ. R.

Файзуллина Залина Ринатовна.

450008 Уфа, ул. Ленина, д. 3

Zalina R. Faizullina.

3 Lenin Str., Ufa 450008

https://orcid.org/0009-0005-4894-9244ЖиленкоА. А.ZhilenkoA. A.

Жиленко Андрей Александрович.

295007 Симферополь, проспект Академика Вернадского, д. 4

Andrey A. Zhylenko.

4 Academician Vernadsky Avenue, Simferopol 295007

https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0567-7515ИсламгуловА. Х.IslamgulovA. Kh.

Исламгулов Алмаз Ханифович.

450008 Уфа, ул. Ленина, д. 3

WoS ResearcherID IRZ-0022-2023

Almaz Kh. Islamgulov - MD.

3 Lenin Str., Ufa 450008

WoS ResearcherID IRZ-0022-2023

aslmaz2000@rambler.ruhttps://orcid.org/0009-0002-6435-9744ЧернаяЕ. А.ChernayaE. A.

Черная Екатерина Андреевна.

362019 Республика Северная Осетия-Алания, Владикавказ, Пушкинская ул., д. 40

Ekaterina A. Chernaya.

40 Pushkinskaya Str., Vladikavkaz, Republic of North Ossetia-Alania 362019

https://orcid.org/0009-0000-3395-7616ТочиеваА. И.TochievaA. I.

Точиева Анастасия Израиловна.

362019 Республика Северная Осетия-Алания, Владикавказ, Пушкинская ул., д. 40

Anastasia I. Tochieva.

40 Pushkinskaya Str., Vladikavkaz, Republic of North Ossetia-Alania 362019

https://orcid.org/0009-0008-5925-3463СановаА. А.SanovaA. A.

Санова Алина Алимбековна.

362019 Республика Северная Осетия-Алания, Владикавказ, Пушкинская ул., д. 40

Alina A. Sanova.

40 Pushkinskaya Str., Vladikavkaz, Republic of North Ossetia-Alania 362019

https://orcid.org/0009-0009-1407-1639ДряеваД. А.DryaevaD. A.

Дряева Диана Алановна.

362019 Республика Северная Осетия-Алания, Владикавказ, Пушкинская ул., д. 40

Diana A. Dryaeva.

40 Pushkinskaya Str., Vladikavkaz, Republic of North Ossetia-Alania 362019

https://orcid.org/0009-0009-4107-2100ХакназаровС. Ш.KhaknazarovS. Sh.

Хакназаров Салмон Шералиевич.

450008 Уфа, ул. Ленина, д. 3

Salmon Sh. Khaknazarov.

3 Lenin Str., Ufa 450008

https://orcid.org/0009-0005-1705-5686ГазизовТ. Р.GazizovT. R.

Газизов Тимур Раисович.

450008 Уфа, ул. Ленина, д. 3

Timur R. Gazizov.

3 Lenin Str., Ufa 450008

https://orcid.org/0009-0001-3948-4431ОтаджоновМ. М.OtadzhonovM. M.

Отаджонов Музаффарджон Махкамджонович.

450008 Уфа, ул. Ленина, д. 3

Muzaffardzhon M. Otadzhonov.

3 Lenin Str., Ufa 450008

https://orcid.org/0009-0009-8552-8675МержоеваХ. А.MerzhoevaKh. A.

Мержоева Хава Аюповна.

450008 Уфа, ул. Ленина, д. 3

Khava A. Merzhoeva.

3 Lenin Str., Ufa 450008

https://orcid.org/0009-0005-5051-2615МаликоваЕ. В.MalikovaE. V.

Маликова Елизавета Владимировна.

344022 Ростов-на-Дону, Нахичеванский переулок, д. 29

Elizaveta V. Malikova - MD.

29 Nahichevansky Lane, Rostov-on-Don 344022

https://orcid.org/0009-0004-0651-8211ГлазепаВ. А.GlazepaV. A.

Глазепа Валерия Александровна.

344022 Ростов-на-Дону, Нахичеванский переулок, д. 29

Valeria A. Glazepa.

29 Nahichevansky Lane, Rostov-on-Don 344022

https://orcid.org/0009-0004-9912-4640МатвиецА. К.MatvietsA. K.

Матвиец Александра Константиновна.

443099 Самара, ул. Чапаевская, д. 89

Aleksandra K. Matviets.

89 Chapaevskaya Str., Samara 443099

ФГБОУ ВО «Башкирский государственный медицинский университет» Министерства здравоохранения Российской ФедерацииРоссияBashkir State Medical University, Ministry of Health of the Russian FederationRussian FederationФГАОУ ВО «Крымский федеральный университет имени В.И. Вернадского»РоссияVernadsky Crimean Federal UniversityRussian FederationФГБОУ ВО «Северо-Осетинская государственная медицинская академия» Министерства здравоохранения Российской ФедерацииРоссияNorth Ossetian State Medical Academy, Ministry of Health of the Russian FederationRussian FederationФГБОУ ВО «Ростовский государственный медицинский университет» Министерства здравоохранения Российской ФедерацииРоссияRostov State Medical University, Ministry of Health of the Russian FederationRussian FederationФГБОУ ВО «Самарский государственный медицинский университет» Министерства здравоохранения Российской ФедерацииРоссияSamara State Medical University, Ministry of Health of the Russian FederationRussian Federation202510092025194590607Copyright © Faizullina Z.R., Zhilenko A.A., Islamgulov A.K., Chernaya E.A., Tochieva A.I., Sanova A.A., Dryaeva D.A., Khaknazarov S.S., Gazizov T.R., Otadzhonov M.M., Merzhoeva K.A., Malikova E.V., Glazepa V.A., Matviets A.K., 20252025Файзуллина З.Р., Жиленко А.А., Исламгулов А.Х., Черная Е.А., Точиева А.И., Санова А.А., Дряева Д.А., Хакназаров С.Ш., Газизов Т.Р., Отаджонов М.М., Мержоева Х.А., Маликова Е.В., Глазепа В.А., Матвиец А.К.Faizullina Z.R., Zhilenko A.A., Islamgulov A.K., Chernaya E.A., Tochieva A.I., Sanova A.A., Dryaeva D.A., Khaknazarov S.S., Gazizov T.R., Otadzhonov M.M., Merzhoeva K.A., Malikova E.V., Glazepa V.A., Matviets A.K.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.gynecology.su/jour/article/view/2396Introduction

Introduction. By enhancing detection accuracy, therapeutic effectiveness and minimizing side effects, nanotechnology may contribute to improve diagnostics and treatment of patients with female reproductive system cancer.

Aim

Aim: to summarize current literature data and assess а role of nanotechnology in treatment of cervical cancer (CC), ovarian cancer (OC), endometrial cancer (EC) and reveal gaps requiring further research.

Materials and Methods

Materials and Methods. The search was carried out in the electronic databases PubMed/MEDLINE, Google Scholar and eLibrary using the following keywords: “gynecological cancer”, “targeted therapy”, “cervical cancer”, “ovarian cancer”, “endometrial cancer”, “nanotechnology”, “nanoparticles”. All works were published between 2011 and 2024.

Results

Results. Nanocarrier-based drug delivery systems represent a promising approach to the treatment of female reproductive system oncology, providing precise drug delivery directly to tumor cells. Such systems, including liposomes, nanoparticles, micelles, and dendrimers, are characterized by advanced efficiency, reduced toxicity, as well as the opportunity for controlled release of active components. Nanotechnologies increase the effectiveness of vaccines by prolonging their half-life, affect the СС microenvironment and potentiate the antitumor immune response with minimal toxicity. Nanovaccines are capable of delivering antigens and adjuvants directly to immune cells, enhancing immune response and improving ОС treatment results. Nanotechnologies show prominent potential in improving EC treatment despite that their role in this context remains understudied compared to other types of female reproductive system cancer.

Conclusion

Conclusion. Nanoparticles can carry both conventional drugs as well as protein- and nucleic acid-based systems directly to cancer cells. However, only a few nanoparticle-based treatments for female reproductive system cancer have been approved for use. The field is making significant progress toward more effective and widely available treatments.

Введение

Введение. Благодаря повышению точности обнаружения, эффективности лечения и минимизации побочных эффектов, нанотехнологии могут способствовать улучшению диагностики и лечения пациентов со злокачественными новообразованиями (ЗНО) женской репродуктивной системы.

Цель

Цель: обобщить современные литературные данные и оценить роль нанотехнологий в лечении рака шейки матки (РШМ), рака яичников (РЯ), рака эндометрия (РЭ) и выявить пробелы, требующие проведения дальнейших исследований.

Материалы и методы

Материалы и методы. Поиск проводился в электронных базах данных PubMed/MEDLINE, Google Scholar и еLibrary по следующим ключевым словам: «гинекологический рак», «таргетная терапия», «рак шейки матки», «рак яичников», «рак эндометрия», «нанотехнологии», «наночастицы», «gynecologic cancer», «targeted therapy», «cervical cancer», «ovarian cancer», «endometrial cancer», «nanotechnology», «nanoparticles». Все работы были опубликованы в период с 2011 по 2024 гг.

Результаты

Результаты. Системы доставки лекарств на базе наноносителей представляют собой перспективный подход в лечении онкозаболеваний женской репродуктивной системы, обеспечивая точную доставку препаратов непосредственно к опухолевым клеткам. Такие системы, включащие липосомы, наночастицы, мицеллы и дендримеры, характеризуются повышенной эффективностью, уменьшенной токсичностью и возможностью контролируемого высвобождения активных компонентов. Нанотехнологии повышают эффективность вакцин, увеличивая период их полураспада, оказывают влияние на микроокружение РШМ и усиливают противоопухолевый иммунный ответ при минимальной токсичности. Нановакцины способны осуществлять доставку антигенов и адъювантов непосредственно к иммунным клеткам, усиливая иммунный ответ и улучшая результаты лечения РЯ. Нанотехнологии демонстрируют значительный потенциал в улучшении терапии РЭ, несмотря на то, что их роль в этом контексте пока менее исследована по сравнению с другими видами ЗНО женской репродуктивной системы.

Заключение

Заключение. Наночастицы способны переносить как обычные лекарственные вещества, так и системы на базе белков и нуклеиновых кислот непосредственно к раковым клеткам. Однако лишь немногие методы лечения ЗНО женской репродуктивной системы, основанные на применении наночастиц, получили одобрение для использования. Данная область добивается значительных успехов, продвигаясь к появлению более эффективных и широкодоступных методов лечения.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.