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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">akusherstvo</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproduction</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Акушерство, Гинекология и Репродукция</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2313-7347</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2500-3194</issn><publisher><publisher-name>IRBIS LLC</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17749/2313-7347/ob.gyn.rep.2024.550</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">akusherstvo-2191</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ОRIGINAL ARTICLES</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Advantages, disadvantages and optimization of organ-sparing methods for uterine fibroids treatment</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Преимущества, недостатки и оптимизация органосохраняющих методов лечения миомы матки</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1462-4987</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Тихомиров</surname><given-names>А. Л.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Tikhomirov</surname><given-names>A. L.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Тихомиров Александр Леонидович, д.м.н., проф.</p><p>127006 Москва, Долгоруковская ул., д. 4</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alexander L. Tikhomirov, MD, Dr Sci Med, Prof. </p><p>4 Dolgorukovskaya Str., Moscow 127006</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">tikhomiroval@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1599-0399</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Казенашев</surname><given-names>В. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kazenashev</surname><given-names>V. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Казенашев Виктор Викторович, к.м.н.</p><p>127006 Москва, Долгоруковская ул., д. 4</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Victor V. Kazenashev, MD, PhD. </p><p>4 Dolgorukovskaya Str., Moscow 127006</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0002-8790-9788</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Максимова</surname><given-names>О. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Maksimova</surname><given-names>O. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Максимова Ольга Владимировна, к.м.н.</p><p>127006 Москва, Долгоруковская ул., д. 4</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Olga V. Maksimova, MD, PhD. </p><p>4 Dolgorukovskaya Str., Moscow 127006</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0005-6707-4164</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Маминова</surname><given-names>М. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Maminova</surname><given-names>M. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Маминова Мария Владимировна </p><p>127006 Москва, Долгоруковская ул., д. 4</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Maria V. Maminova</p><p>4 Dolgorukovskaya Str., Moscow 127006</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0001-6442-9055</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Давыденко</surname><given-names>Н. Л.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Davydenko</surname><given-names>N. L.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Давыденко Наталья Леонидовна </p><p>125367 Москва, Волоколамское шоссе, д. 84</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Natalya L. Davydenko, MD. </p><p>84 Volokalmskaya Str., Moscow 125367</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0002-8790-9788</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Руруа</surname><given-names>Н. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Rurua</surname><given-names>N. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Руруа Нана Вахтанговна </p><p>125367 Москва, Волоколамское шоссе, д. 84</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Nana V. Rurua, MD. </p><p>84 Volokalmskaya Str., Moscow 125367</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0036-7817</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сонина</surname><given-names>Т. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sonina</surname><given-names>T. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Сонина Татьяна Александровна </p><p>119602 Москва, ул. Академика Анохина, д. 8, стр. 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Tatyana A. Sonina, MD.</p><p>8 bldg. 1, Akademika Anokhina Str., Moscow 119602</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО «Российский университет медицины» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Russian University of Medicine, Health Ministry of Russian Federation</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ЧУЗ «Центральная клиническая больница "РЖД-Медицина"»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Central Clinical Hospital "Russian Railways-Medicine"</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Медицинский холдинг «СМ-Клиника», ООО «СМ-Перспектива»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Medical Group "SM-Clinic", LLC "SM-Perspektiva"</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>02</day><month>10</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>18</volume><issue>5</issue><fpage>635</fpage><lpage>647</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Tikhomirov A.L., Kazenashev V.V., Maksimova O.V., Maminova M.V., Davydenko N.L., Rurua N.V., Sonina T.A., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Тихомиров А.Л., Казенашев В.В., Максимова О.В., Маминова М.В., Давыденко Н.Л., Руруа Н.В., Сонина Т.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Tikhomirov A.L., Kazenashev V.V., Maksimova O.V., Maminova M.V., Davydenko N.L., Rurua N.V., Sonina T.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.gynecology.su/jour/article/view/2191">https://www.gynecology.su/jour/article/view/2191</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Introduction</title><p>Introduction. Uterine fibroids (UF) are benign monoclonal hormone-depended tumors originating from smooth myocytes of cervix or body uterus affecting up to 29 % of women aged 15–45 years worldwide. Taking into account the current demographic situation and annually increasing tendency for pregnancy planning at older reproductive age, an organ-sparing strategy is becoming a first-priority approach for UF treatment.</p></sec><sec><title>Aim</title><p>Aim: to investigate efficiency of selective progesterone receptors modulators (SPRM) for UF treatment in women of reproductive age.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and Methods</title><p>Materials and Methods. A prospective cohort study involved 40 patients with UF at average age of 39.3 ± 5.8 years. Using simple randomization, the patients were divided into 2 groups per 20 women in each. The average age of the patients was comparable and comprised 38.15 ± 5.65 and 40.5 ± 5.8 years in groups 1 and 2, respectively (p = 0.203). In both groups, after assessing liver function tests in accordance with the instructions, a treatment course with SPRM group drug (ulipristal acetate) was used at a daily dose of 5 mg for 84 days (one course) with an interval until the onset of second menstruation after drug withdrawal. Group 1 and group 2 received 2 and 3 therapy courses, respectively. After each course, patients underwent control ultrasound examinations (UE) by analyzing uterus volume and diameter of dominant myomatous node along with liver tests. A temporal quantitation of the difference between UF and dominant node two sizes as well as the maximum uterine volume size and effect size assessment was expressed as the difference of means (Δ) with a 95 % confidence interval (CI).</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. Based on UE data, the uterus size in group 1 was enlarged to an average of 129.49 ± 75.57 cm3, the maximum size of dominant node was 38.90 ± 17.38 mm; in group 2, the uterus was as large as 294.83 ± 161.37 cm3 with maximum size of the dominant node of 53.33 ± 25.48 mm. After therapy in group 1, dominant node size significantly regressed: after therapy course  1 an effect size of quantitated difference between UF two sizes and the dominant node (Δ) was 8.70 (4.11; 13.29) mm (p &lt; 0.001). After therapy course 2 vs. therapy course 1, a size stabilization (Δ) was noted comprising 1.00 (–1.39; 3.39) mm (p = 0.390); the total effect (Δ) was 9.67 (–14.59; –4.75) mm (p &lt; 0.001). In group 2, after therapy course 1, the dominant node also regressed, with effect size (Δ) of 9.49 (7.08; 11.89) mm (p = 0.001). The effect (Δ) after therapy course 2 vs. therapy course 1 in group 2 was more prominent reaching 10.74 (5.86; 15.61) mm (p = 0.001). However, after therapy course 3, a larger node size was observed compared to therapy course 2 – (Δ) 8.25 (0.67; 15.83) mm (p = 0.329). Despite the lack of pronounced negative dynamics, based on medical indications 9 patients in group 2 underwent uterine artery embolization to prevent disease relapse.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. SPRM therapy can be used both as an independent means for UF therapy and in combination with surgical interventions. Such an approach allows for some women to become pregnant without preceding myomectomy, whereas for those approaching age-related menopause to avoid surgical treatment and gently enter natural postmenopause. Currently, conservative and surgical treatment methods for leiomyomas should complement each other to achieve the best clinical outcomes.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. Миома матки (ММ) – доброкачественное моноклональное гормоночувствительное образование, формирующееся из гладкомышечных клеток и поражающее до 29 % женщин в возрасте 15–54 года по всему миру. С учетом текущей демографической ситуации и возрастающей с каждым годом тенденции планирования беременности в старшем репродуктивном возрасте, органосохраняющий подход в лечении ММ становится приоритетным.</p></sec><sec><title>Цель</title><p>Цель: исследование эффективности применения селективного модулятора рецепторов прогестерона (СМРП) для лечения ММ у женщин пременопаузального возраста.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. В проспективном когортном исследовании приняли участие 40 пациенток с ММ, средний возраст которых составил 39,3 ± 5,8 лет. Методом простой рандомизации пациентки были разделены на 2 группы по 20 человек. Средний возраст пациенток был сопоставим и составил 38,15 ± 5,65 и 40,5 ± 5,8 лет в группах 1 и 2 соответственно (p = 0,203). В обеих группах после оценки печеночных проб в соответствии с инструкцией применялось курсовое лечение препаратом группы СМРП (улипристала ацетат) в суточной дозе 5 мг в течение 84 дней (один курс) с перерывом до начала второй менструации после отмены препарата. Группа 1 прошла 2 курса терапии, группа 2 – 3 курса. После каждого курса пациенткам выполняли контрольные ультразвуковые исследования (УЗИ), где оценивали величину объема матки и диаметр доминантного миоматозного узла и анализировали печеночные пробы. Количественную оценку разницы между двумя размерами MM и доминантного узла и максимальным размером объема матки в динамике с оценкой размера эффекта выражали в разности средних (Δ) с 95 % доверительным интервалом (ДИ).</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. По данным УЗИ, матка в группе 1 была увеличена в среднем до 129,49 ± 75,57 см3, максимальный размер доминантного узла составил 38,90 ± 17,38 мм; в группе 2 матка была увеличена до 294,83 ± 161,37 см3 с максимальным размером доминантного узла 53,33 ± 25,48 мм. В результате проведенной терапии в группе 1 был достигнут значимый регресс размеров доминантного узла уже после первого курса терапии: величина эффекта количественной оценки разницы между двумя размерами MM и доминантного узла (Δ) составила 8,70 (4,11; 13,29) мм (p &lt; 0,001). После второго курса в сравнении с первым отмечалась стабилизация размеров (Δ) 1,00 (–1,39; 3,39) мм (p = 0,390); суммарный эффект (Δ) составил 9,67 (–14,59; –4,75) мм (p &lt; 0,001). В группе 2 после первого курса также наблюдался регресс доминантного узла, величина эффекта (Δ) составила 9,49 (7,08; 11,89) мм (p = 0,001). Эффект (Δ) после второго курса в группе 2 был более выражен по сравнению с первым курсом и составил 10,74 (5,86; 15,61) мм (p = 0,001). Однако после третьего курса наблюдался рост узлов в сравнении со вторым курсом – (Δ) 8,25 (0,67; 15,83) мм (p = 0,329). Несмотря на отсутствие выраженной отрицательной динамики, 9 пациенткам в группе 2 по показаниям была проведена эмболизация маточных артерий во избежание рецидива.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Терапия СМРП может применяться как в качестве самостоятельного средства терапии ММ, так и в комбинации с хирургическими методиками. Она позволяет ряду женщин забеременеть без предшествующей миомэктомии, а пациенткам, приближающимся по возрасту к менопаузе, избежать оперативного лечения и мягко вступить в естественную постменопаузу. На сегодняшний день консервативные и оперативные методы лечения лейомиом должны дополнять друг друга с целью достижения наилучших клинических исходов.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>миома матки</kwd><kwd>ММ</kwd><kwd>селективные модуляторы рецепторов прогестерона</kwd><kwd>СМРП</kwd><kwd>улипристала ацетат</kwd><kwd>агонисты гонадотропин-рилизинг-гормона</kwd><kwd>аГнРГ</kwd><kwd>эмболизация маточных артерий</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>uterine fibroids</kwd><kwd>UF</kwd><kwd>selective progesterone receptor modulators</kwd><kwd>SPRM</kwd><kwd>ulipistal acetate</kwd><kwd>gonadotropin releasing hormone agonists</kwd><kwd>GnRH agonists</kwd><kwd>uterine arteries embolisation</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Dolmans M.M., Petraglia F., Catherino W.H., Donnez J. 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