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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">akusherstvo</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproduction</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Акушерство, Гинекология и Репродукция</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2313-7347</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2500-3194</issn><publisher><publisher-name>IRBIS LLC</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17749/2313-7347/ob.gyn.rep.2024.531</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">akusherstvo-2100</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ОRIGINAL ARTICLES</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Prevention of premature birth in female patients with bacterial vaginosis using a complex of natural antimicrobial peptides and cytokines</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Профилактика преждевременных родов у пациенток с бактериальным вагинозом с  использованием комплекса природных антимикробных пептидов и цитокинов</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9092-9136</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Суханов</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sukhanov</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Суханов Антон Александрович – к.м.н., зав. отделением планирования семьи и репродукции ГБУЗ ТО «Перинатальный центр», Тюмень, Россия; доцент кафедры акушерства и гинекологии ФГБОУ ВО «Тюменский государственный медицинский университет» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации</p><p>625002 Тюмень, ул. Даудельная, д. 1;</p><p>625013 Тюмень, ул. Пермякова, д. 10</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Anton A. Sukhanov – MD, PhD, Head of the Department of Family Planning and Reproduction, Tyumen Region Perinatal Center; Associate Professor, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tyumen State Medical University</p><p>1 Daudelnaya Str., Tyumen 625002;</p><p>10 Permyakov Str., Tyumen 625013</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">such-anton@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9524-8962</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Дикке</surname><given-names>Г. Б.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Dikke</surname><given-names>G. B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Дикке Галина Борисовна – д.м.н., профессор кафедры акушерства и гинекологии с курсом репродуктивной медицины</p><p>190013 Санкт-Петербург, Московский проспект, д. 22, литер М</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Galina B. Dikke – MD, Dr Sci Med, Professor, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology with a Course of Reproductive Medicine</p><p>22 Liter M, Moskovskiy Avenue, Saint Petersburg 190013</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8275-3553</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кукарская</surname><given-names>И. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kukarskaya</surname><given-names>I. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кукарская Ирина Ивановна – д.м.н., главный врач ГБУЗ ТО «Перинатальный центр»; профессор кафедры акушерства, гинекологии и реаниматологии с курсом клинической лабораторной диагностики Института непрерывного профессионального развития ФГБОУ ВО «Тюменский государственный медицинский университет» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации; главный специалист по акушерству и гинекологии Департамента здравоохранения Тюменской области</p><p>625002 Тюмень, ул. Даудельная, д. 1;</p><p>625013 Тюмень, ул. Пермякова, д. 10</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Irina I. Kukarskaya – MD, Dr Sci Med, Chief Physician, Tyumen Region Perinatal Center, Tyumen, Russia; Professor, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reanimatology with a Course of Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics, Tyumen State Medical University; Chief Specialist in Obstetrics and Gynecology, Department of Health of the Tyumen Region</p><p>1 Daudelnaya Str., Tyumen 625002;</p><p>10 Permyakov Str., Tyumen 625013</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6734-0147</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шилова</surname><given-names>Н. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shilova</surname><given-names>N. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Шилова Наталья Владимировна – к.м.н., медицинский директор</p><p>107078 Москва, ул. Каланчевская, д. 31, стр. 4</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Natalya V. Shilova – MD, PhD, Medical Director</p><p>31 bldg. 4, Kalanchevskaya Str., Moscow 107078</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ГБУЗ Тюменской области «Перинатальный центр»; &#13;
ФГБОУ ВО «Тюменский государственный медицинский университет» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Tyumen Region Perinatal Center; &#13;
Tyumen State Medical University, Health Ministry of Russian Federation</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ЧОУ ДПО «Академия медицинского образования имени Ф.И. Иноземцева»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Inozemtsev Academy of Medical Education</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ООО «Ген-лаб»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Gen-lab Ltd</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>04</day><month>07</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>18</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>300</fpage><lpage>315</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Sukhanov A.A., Dikke G.B., Kukarskaya I.I., Shilova N.V., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Суханов А.А., Дикке Г.Б., Кукарская И.И., Шилова Н.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Sukhanov A.A., Dikke G.B., Kukarskaya I.I., Shilova N.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.gynecology.su/jour/article/view/2100">https://www.gynecology.su/jour/article/view/2100</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Introduction</title><p>Introduction. The prevalence of bacterial vaginosis (BV) comprises 23–29 %, which in pregnant women is a known risk factor for premature birth (PB) that rates increases by 2.9-fold. BV treatment with antibiotics has no effect PB incidence, therefore stressing a need to search for alternative remedies.</p></sec><sec><title>Aim</title><p>Aim: to evaluate the effectiveness of treatment, including antibacterial therapy and a complex preparation containing natural antimicrobial peptides and cytokines, to reduce the incidence of birth defects in pregnant women with BV.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and Methods</title><p>Materials and Methods. Design: a prospective open comparative cohort study in parallel groups was conducted with 101 pregnant women: Group I (n = 69) received the antibiotic Metronidazole, 500 mg tablets orally twice a day for 7 days, and a complex preparation containing exogenous natural antimicrobial peptides and cytokines (Superlymph®) suppositories per 25 IU once a day vaginally in the evening for 20 days; Group II (n = 32) received Metronidazole alone (the same regimen). Patient examination was carried out using approaches included clinical methods, accepted in obstetrics, and laboratory tests – microscopy of vaginal content smears, real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR).</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. The PB (within 240–366 weeks) incidence in Group I was significantly lower than in Group II and comprised 2.9 % vs. 21.9 %, respectively (p = 0.004), with an 8-fold decline in developing PB risk (relative risk (RR) = 0.13; 95 % confidence interval (CI) = 0.03–0.60), whereas inter-group percentage of pregnant women with high risk (PB history) was comparable (p = 0.39) so that PB incidence did not differ from pregnant women without former PB. Microbiological recovery after treatment for BV was achieved in 85.5 % of patients from Group I vs. 56.3 % in Group II (RR = 1.52; 95 % CI = 1.10–2.10; p = 0.002) based on real-time PCR data. The persistence of anaerobic flora after treatment was significantly lower in Group I vs. Group II reaching 7.2 and 34.4 % (p &lt; 0.001), respectively, with a 5-fold lower PB risk (RR = 0.21; 95 % CI = 0.08–0.56). Cessation of viral shedding compared to the number of patients with initial viral shedding was achieved in 94.6 % vs. 8.3 % of patients, respectively, with a 50-fold decline in risk (RR = 0.02; 95 % CI = 0.005–0.08; p &lt; 0.001). The number of newborns weighing less than 2500 g was significantly lower from paired mothers who received Superlymph® + Metronidazole comprising 2.9 % vs. 15.6 % treated with Metronidazole alone (p = 0.03), whereas a risk of low birth weight neonates was decreased by 6-fold (RR = 0.16; 95 % CI = 0.03–0.88). The condition of the neonates assessed by birth Apgar score was comparable.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. The use of a complex preparation Superlymph® (suppositories per 25 IU once an day vaginally, for 20 days) along with oral antibiotic Мetronidazole in pregnant women with BV facilitates a decline in PB incidence down to 2.9 % at gestational age of 240–366 weeks lowering a risk of PB exceeding that of antibacterial therapy by 8-fold, including patients with former PB.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. Распространенность бактериального вагиноза (БВ) составляет 23–29 %. БВ у беременных является известным фактором риска преждевременных родов (ПР) с увеличением их частоты в 2,9 раза. Лечение БВ антибиотиками не снижает частоту ПР, что делает актуальным поиск других средств.</p></sec><sec><title>Цель</title><p>Цель: оценить эффективность лечения, включающего антибактериальную терапию и комплекс природных антимикробных пептидов и цитокинов, для снижения частоты ПР у беременных с БВ.</p></sec><sec><title>Материал и методы</title><p>Материал и методы. Выполнено проспективное открытое сравнительное когортное исследование в параллельных группах. Обследована 101 беременная: группа I (n = 69) получала метронидазол, табл. 500 мг внутрь 2 раза в день в течение 7 дней и комплекс природных антимикробных пептидов и цитокинов (Суперлимф®) суппозитории по 25 ЕД 1 раз в день вагинально вечером в течение 20 дней; группа II (n = 32) получала только метронидазол (по той же схеме). Методы обследования включали клинические, принятые в акушерстве, и лабораторные исследования – микроскопия мазков влагалищного содержимого, полимеразная цепная реакция (ПЦР) в режиме реального времени.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Частота ПР (в сроки 240–366 нед ) у пациенток группы I была статистически значимо ниже, чем в группе II и составила 2,9 % против 21,9 % соответственно (р = 0,004) с уменьшением риска ПР в 8 раз (относительный риск (ОР) = 0,13; 95 % доверительный интервал (ДИ) = 0,03–0,60), при этом доля беременных с высоким риском (ПР в анамнезе) и частота ПР у них была сопоставима (р = 0,39) и не отличалась от беременных без ПР в анамнезе. Микробиологического выздоровления после лечения БВ по данным ПЦР в реальном времени удалось добиться у 85,5 % пациенток группы I против 56,3 % в группе II (ОР = 1,52; 95 % ДИ = 1,10–2,10; р = 0,002). Персистенция анаэробной флоры после лечения была значимо ниже в группе I по сравнению с группой II – 7,2 % против 34,4 % (р &lt; 0,001) с риском ПР ниже в 5 раз (ОР = 0,21; 95 % ДИ = 0,08–0,56). Прекращение выделения вирусов от числа пациенток с исходным вирусовыделением было достигнуто у 94,6 % против 8,3 % пациенток соответственно со снижением риска в 50 раз (ОР = 0,02; 95 % ДИ = 0,005–0,08; р &lt; 0,001). Количество новорожденных с массой тела менее 2500 г было существенно меньше у пациенток, получавших Суперлимф® – 2,9 % против 15,6 % среди тех, кто его не применял (р = 0,03), при этом риск рождения маловесных детей был в 6 раз меньше (ОР = 0,16; 95 % ДИ = 0,03–0,88). Состояние детей при рождении по шкале Апгар было сопоставимым.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Применение комплекса Суперлимф® (25 ЕД вагинально 1 раз в день № 20) наряду с антибиотиком метронидазол внутрь у беременных с БВ способствует снижению частоты ПР в сроки 240–366 нед до 2,9 % со снижением риска ПР, превосходящим антибактериальную терапию в 8 раз, в том числе у пациенток с ПР в анамнезе.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>беременность</kwd><kwd>бактериальный вагиноз</kwd><kwd>преждевременные роды</kwd><kwd>ПР</kwd><kwd>комплекс природных антимикробных пептидов и цитокинов</kwd><kwd>Суперлимф®</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>pregnancy</kwd><kwd>bacterial vaginosis</kwd><kwd>BV</kwd><kwd>premature birth</kwd><kwd>РВ</kwd><kwd>complex of natural antimicrobial peptides and cytokines</kwd><kwd>Superlymph®</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Coudray M.S., Madhivanan P. 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