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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">akusherstvo</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproduction</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Акушерство, Гинекология и Репродукция</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2313-7347</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2500-3194</issn><publisher><publisher-name>IRBIS LLC</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17749/2313-7347/ob.gyn.rep.2023.441</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">akusherstvo-1869</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ОRIGINAL ARTICLES</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Molecular-genetic study of SMN1 and SMN2 genes associated with spinal muscular atrophy in individuals with infertility prior to in vitro fertilization</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Молекулярно-генетическое исследование ассоциированных со спинальной мышечной атрофией генов SMN1 и SMN2 у лиц с бесплодием, направленных на проведение экстракорпорального оплодотворения</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2797-1926</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кудрявцева</surname><given-names>Е. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kudryavtseva</surname><given-names>E. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кудрявцева Елена Владимировна – д.м.н., зав. Центральной научно-исследовательской лабораторией ФГБОУ ВО «Уральский ГМУ» МЗРФ; научный сотрудник лаборатории молекулярно-генетических исследований ГАУЗ СО «Институт медицинских клеточных технологий», Екатеринбург, Россия; врач-генетик отделения медико-генетического консультирования ГАУЗ СО «Клинико-диагностический центр "Охрана здоровья матери и ребенка"».</p><p>620028 Екатеринбург, ул. Репина, д. 3; 620026 Екатеринбург, ул. Карла Маркса, д. 22А; 620067 Екатеринбург, ул. Флотская, д. 52</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Elena V. Kudryavtseva – МD, Dr Sci Med, Head of the Central Research Laboratory, Ural SМU; Researcher, Laboratory of Molecular Genetic Research, IMCT; Geneticist, Department of Medical Genetic Counseling, Clinical Diagnostic Center "Maternal and Child Health Care".</p><p>3 Repina Str., Ekaterinburg 620028; 22A Karl Marks Str., Ekaterinburg, 620026; 52 Flotskaya Str., Ekaterinburg 620067</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">elenavladpopova@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0003-3888-4294</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лагутина</surname><given-names>О. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Lagutina</surname><given-names>O. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Лагутина Ольга Викторовна – научный сотрудник лаборатории молекулярно-генетических исследований.</p><p>620026 Екатеринбург, ул. Карла Маркса, д. 22А; 620067 Екатеринбург, ул. Флотская, д. 52</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Olga V. Lagutina – МD, Researcher, Laboratory of Molecular Genetic Research, IMCT; Biologist, Molecular Diagnostic Laboratory, Clinical Diagnostic Center "Maternal and Child Health Care".</p><p>22A Karl Marks Str., Ekaterinburg, 620026; 52 Flotskaya Str., Ekaterinburg 620067</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8640-8418</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ковалев</surname><given-names>В. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kovalev</surname><given-names>V. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ковалёв Владислав Викторович – д.м.н., профессор, зав. кафедрой акушерства и гинекологии, трансфузиологии.</p><p>620028 Екатеринбург, ул. Репина, д. 3</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Vladislav V. Kovalev – MD, Dr Sci Med, Professor, Head of the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Transfusiology, Ural SМU.</p><p>3 Repina Str., Ekaterinburg 620028</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5614-5944</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Дерябина</surname><given-names>С. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Deryabina</surname><given-names>S. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Дерябина Светлана Степановна – к.б.н., ассистент кафедры акушерства и гинекологии, трасфузиологии ФГБОУ ВО «Уральский ГМУ» МЗРФ; научный сотрудник ГАУЗ СО «Институт медицинских клеточных технологий»; зав. лабораторией молекулярной диагностики ГАУЗ СО «Клинико-диагностический центр "Охрана здоровья матери и ребенка"».</p><p>620028 Екатеринбург, ул. Репина, д. 3; 620026 Екатеринбург, ул. Карла Маркса, д. 22А; 620067 Екатеринбург, ул. Флотская, д. 52</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Svetlana S. Deryabina – MD, PhD (Biology), Assistant, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Transfusiology, Ural SМU; Researcher, IMCT; Head of Molecular Diagnostics Laboratory, Clinical Diagnostic Center "Maternal and Child Health Care".</p><p>3 Repina Str., Ekaterinburg 620028; 22A Karl Marks Str., Ekaterinburg, 620026; 52 Flotskaya Str., Ekaterinburg 620067</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0007-4247-1555</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Захарова</surname><given-names>И. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zakharova</surname><given-names>I. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Захарова Илона Александровна – ординатор.</p><p>620028 Екатеринбург, ул. Репина, д. 3</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ilona A. Zakharova – MD, Clinical Resident.</p><p>3 Repina Str., Ekaterinburg 620028</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0006-4737-7042</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Черепенникова</surname><given-names>А. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Cherepennikova</surname><given-names>A. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Черепенникова Алёна Юрьевна – ординатор.</p><p>620028 Екатеринбург, ул. Репина, д. 3</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alena Yu. Cherepennikova – MD, Clinical Resident.</p><p>3 Repina Str., Ekaterinburg 620028</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО «Уральский государственный медицинский университет» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации; ГАУЗ СО «Институт медицинских клеточных технологий»; ГАУЗ СО «Клинико-диагностический центр "Охрана здоровья матери и ребенка"»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Ural State Medical University, Health Ministry of Russian Federation; Institute of Medical Cell Technologies; Clinical Diagnostic Center "Maternal and Child Health Care"</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ГАУЗ СО «Институт медицинских клеточных технологий»; ГАУЗ СО «Клинико-диагностический центр "Охрана здоровья матери и ребенка"»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Institute of Medical Cell Technologies; Clinical Diagnostic Center "Maternal and Child Health Care"</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО «Уральский государственный медицинский университет» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Ural State Medical University, Health Ministry of Russian Federation</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>03</day><month>01</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>17</volume><issue>6</issue><fpage>707</fpage><lpage>717</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Kudryavtseva E.V., Lagutina O.V., Kovalev V.V., Deryabina S.S., Zakharova I.A., Cherepennikova A.Y., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Кудрявцева Е.В., Лагутина О.В., Ковалев В.В., Дерябина С.С., Захарова И.А., Черепенникова А.Ю.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Kudryavtseva E.V., Lagutina O.V., Kovalev V.V., Deryabina S.S., Zakharova I.A., Cherepennikova A.Y.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.gynecology.su/jour/article/view/1869">https://www.gynecology.su/jour/article/view/1869</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Introduction</title><p>Introduction. The rate of infertile couples comprises 17–24 % and tends to increase, with more of them turning to assisted reproductive technologies (ART). In case a required result is achieved, future parents-to-be prepare for birth of a healthy child in the family, but each couple may face a birth of offspring with severe genetic disorders including spinal muscular atrophy (SMA).</p></sec><sec><title>Aim</title><p>Aim: to access a carriage rate for SMN1 gene exon 7 deletion associated with SMA and SMN2 gene copy number in married couples planning childbirth using in vitro fertilization (IVF).</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and Methods</title><p>Materials and Methods. There were enrolled 170 couples (340 subjects) suffering from infertility and referred for IVF in the Sverdlovsk region (SR) of Russia. The search for deletions/duplications in the SMN1 and SMN2 genes was carried out by quantitatively analyzing number of gene copies using the SALSA MLPA Probemix P460 commercial kit (MRC-Holland, the Netherlands). The Hardy–Weinberg ratio was used to calculate estimated rate of homozygous carriers with SMN1 deletions in the next generation.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. Among 340 patients, a deletion of exon 7 in the SMN1 gene (one copy out of two) was found in 9 individuals (3 males and 6 females) unrelated to marital relations. Thus, only 9 out of 340 examined subjects carry such gene mutation associated with SMA, with total rate of carriage comprised 2.65 % (1/38). Given the number of IVF procedures performed in SR, it may be assumed that the probability for birth of a sick child in such couple comprises at least 1:6410. A number of patients had SMN1 gene duplications – 9 (5.29 %) males and 4 (2.35 %) females baring 3 copies of the SMN1 gene. In addition, the majority of study participants (54 %) turned out to have 3 copies of the SMN2 gene.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. The rate of SMA carriage in married couples planning a pregnancy with aid of ART corresponds to the general population reaching 1:38 level. It is believed necessary that all couples entering the IVF program should be examined for carriage of SMN1 gene mutations to assess SMA risk in offspring.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. Частота бесплодного брака составляет 17–24 % и имеет тенденцию к увеличению. С каждым годом все больше бесплодных пар обращаются к вспомогательным репродуктивным технологиям (ВРТ). Если результат достигнут, будущие родители готовятся к появлению в семье здорового ребенка, но каждая пара может столкнуться с рождением потомства с тяжелым генетическим заболеванием. Одним из таких заболеваний является спинальная мышечная атрофия (СМА).</p></sec><sec><title>Цель</title><p>Цель: оценить частоту носительства делеции 7-го экзона в гене SMN1, ассоциированного со СМА, и количество копий гена SMN2 в супружеских парах, планирующих деторождение с помощью экстракорпорального оплодотворения (ЭКО).</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. В исследование вошли 170 супружеских пар (340 человек), страдающих бесплодием и направленных на проведение ЭКО в Свердловской области (СО) Российской Федерации. Проводился поиск делеций/дупликаций в генах SMN1 и SMN2 количественным анализом числа копий генов с использованием коммерческого набора SALSA MLPA Probemix P460 (MRC-Holland, Нидерланды). Для расчета предполагаемой частоты гомозиготных носителей делеций SMN1 в следующем поколении использовалось соотношение Харди–Вайнберга.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Среди 340 пациентов делеция 7 экзона гена SMN1 (наличие одной копии из двух) обнаружена у 9 человек (3 мужчин и 6 женщин), не состоящих в супружеских отношениях между собой. Таким образом, всего 9 из 340 обследованных являются носителями мутации, ассоциированной с СМА, суммарная частота носительства составила 2,65 % (1/38). Учитывая количество проводимых в СО процедур ЭКО, можно предположить, что вероятность рождения больного ребенка в такой паре составляет не менее 1:6410. У ряда пациентов были выявлены дупликации в гене SMN1 – 9 (5,29 %) мужчин и 4 (2,35 %) женщины имели по 3 копии гена SMN1. Также было исследовано количества копий гена SMN2. Большинство участников исследования (54 %) имели 3 копии гена.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Частота носительства СМА у супружеских пар, планирующих беременность с применением ВРТ, соответствует общепопуляционной и составляет 1:38 человек. Считаем необходимым, чтобы все супружеские пары, вступающие в программу ЭКО, были обследованы на носительство мутаций в гене SMN1 для определения риска наличия заболевания у потомства.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>вспомогательные репродуктивные технологии</kwd><kwd>ВРТ</kwd><kwd>спинальная мышечная атрофия</kwd><kwd>СМА</kwd><kwd>экстракорпоральное оплодотворение</kwd><kwd>ЭКО</kwd><kwd>ген SMN1</kwd><kwd>ген SMN2</kwd><kwd>преконцепционная подготовка</kwd><kwd>неонатальный скрининг</kwd><kwd>наследственные заболевания</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>assisted reproductive technologies</kwd><kwd>ART</kwd><kwd>spinal muscular atrophy</kwd><kwd>SMA</kwd><kwd>in vitro fertilization</kwd><kwd>IVF</kwd><kwd>SMN1 gene</kwd><kwd>SMN2 gene</kwd><kwd>preconception preparation</kwd><kwd>neonatal screening</kwd><kwd>hereditary diseases</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Inhorn M.C., Patrizio P. 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