akusherstvoObstetrics, Gynecology and ReproductionАкушерство, Гинекология и Репродукция2313-73472500-3194IRBIS LLC10.17749/2313-7347/ob.gyn.rep.2023.267akusherstvo-1568Research ArticleREVIEW ARTICLEНАУЧНЫЙ ОБЗОРSemen reproductive potentialРепродуктивный потенциал семенной жидкостиhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-3541-484XТагироваА. А.TagirovaA. A.

Тагирова Альфия Абдулловна – к.м.н., врач акушер-гинеколог; студент кафедры иностранных языков

420111 Казань, ул. Островского, д. 21

420012 Казань, ул. Бутлерова, д. 49

Alfia A. Tagirova – МD, PhD, Obstetrician-Gynecologist; Student, Department of Foreign Languages

21 Ostrovskogo Str., Kazan 420111

49 Butlerova Str., Kazan 420012

Tagirova.A2019@gmail.comhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-2345-6789СубханкуловаА. Ф.SubkhankulovaA. F.

Субханкулова Асия Фаридовна – к.м.н., доцент кафедры акушерства и гинекологии имени профессора В.С. Груздева

420012 Казань, ул. Бутлерова, д. 49

Asiya F. Subkhankulova – МD, PhD, Associate Professor

49 Butlerova Str., Kazan 420012

Медицинский центр «Maya Сlinic»; ФГБОУ ВО «Казанский государственный медицинский университет» Министерства здравоохранения Российской ФедерацииРоссияMaya Clinic Medical Center; Kazan State Medical University, Health Ministry of Russian FederationRussian FederationФГБОУ ВО «Казанский государственный медицинский университет» Министерства здравоохранения Российской ФедерацииРоссияKazan State Medical University, Health Ministry of Russian FederationRussian Federation202306032023171138147Copyright © Tagirova A.A., Subkhankulova A.F., 20232023Тагирова А.А., Субханкулова А.Ф.Tagirova A.A., Subkhankulova A.F.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.gynecology.su/jour/article/view/1568

Reproductive behavior is a complex related to a system of actions and attitudes taken by a man and a woman regarding the process of conception, bearing and giving birth to children, including planning practices, as well as methods of control. Currently, there is a downward trend in the birth rate, with the percentage of infertile couples being increased, despite the development of reproductive medicine and demographic policy. National programs are aimed at increasing the spread of family planning methods and reducing the number of child marriages. In addition to deep behavioral changes predetermined by the historical, social, economic, cultural and moral situation of an individual and society as a whole, the changes in the birth rate are based on adaptive mechanisms during sexual selection. In particular, a substantial research has focused on identifying additional biomarkers of male fertility in seminal plasma. There have been proven to exist differences in their absolute and relative levels between fertile men and men classified as infertile, based on sperm parameters of the World Health Organization. Studies dating back to the 1920s suggested a multifaceted role for seminal fluid in the reproductive process. It has been established that the paternal biological contribution to pregnancy and related ability to influence the reproductive outcome goes beyond simple provision of male gametes at conception. A new paradigm is emerging detailing an importance of communication between father and mother during gestation as it is associated with maternal tolerance to fetal antigens and, ultimately, pregnancy success.

Репродуктивное поведение является комплексной категорией и связано с системой действий и коммуникаций, предпринимаемых мужчиной и женщиной в отношении процесса зачатия, вынашивания и рождения детей, включая практики планирования, а также способы контроля. В настоящее время наблюдается тенденция снижения рождаемости, увеличивается процент бесплодных семейных пар, несмотря на развитие репродуктивной медицины и демографической политики. Государственные программы направлены на повышение распространения методик планирования семьи и сокращение количества детских браков. Кроме того, в основе изменений рождаемости, помимо глубинных поведенческих, предопределяемых историческим, социальным, экономическим и культурно-нравственным положением отдельного индивида и общества в целом, лежат адаптивные механизмы во время полового отбора. В частности, значительное количество исследований было сосредоточено на выявлении дополнительных биомаркеров мужской фертильности в семенной плазме. Доказано существование различий в их абсолютных и относительных уровнях между фертильными мужчинами и мужчинами, классифицированными как бесплодные, на основе спермопараметров Всемирной организации здравоохранения. Исследования, проведенные еще в 1920-х годах, предположили многоплановую роль семенной жидкости в репродуктивном процессе. Установлено, что биологический вклад отца в беременность и его возможность влиять на репродуктивный результат выходит за рамки простого обеспечения мужскими гаметами при зачатии. Становится очевидной новая парадигма, детализирующая важность общения между отцом и матерью во время вынашивания, поскольку она связана с материнской толерантностью к антигенам плода и, в конечном итоге, с успехом беременности.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.