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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">akusherstvo</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproduction</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Акушерство, Гинекология и Репродукция</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2313-7347</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2500-3194</issn><publisher><publisher-name>IRBIS LLC</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17749/2313-7347/ob.gyn.rep.2021.227</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">akusherstvo-1132</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ОRIGINAL ARTICLES</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Pathogenetically justified tactics of management of pregnancy with retrochorial hematoma</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Патогенетически обоснованная тактика ведения беременности при ретрохориальной гематоме</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0725-9686</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Султангаджиева</surname><given-names>Х. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sultangadzhieva</surname><given-names>K. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Султангаджиева Хадижат Гасановна – кандидат медицинских наук, врач акушер гинеколог</p><p>109004 Москва, ул. Земляной Вал, д. 62</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Khadizhat G. Sultangadzhieva – MD, PhD, Obstetrician Gynecologist</p><p>62 Str. Zemlyanoi Val, Moscow 109004</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">sultangadzhieva90@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2965-4169</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бабаева</surname><given-names>Н. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Babaeva</surname><given-names>N. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Бабаева Нигяр Наби кызы – аспирант кафедры акушерства и гинекологии Клинического института детского здоровья имени Н.Ф. Филатова</p><p>119991 Москва, ул. Большая Пироговская, д. 2, стр. 4</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p> </p><p>Nigyar N. Babaeva – MD, Postgraduate Student, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Filatov Clinical Institute of Children’s Health</p><p>2 bldg. 4, Bolshaya Pirogovskaya Str., Moscow 119991</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4556-5449</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Егорова</surname><given-names>Е. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Egorova</surname><given-names>E. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Егорова Елена Сергеевна – кандидат медицинских наук, доцент кафедры акушерства и гинекологии Клинического института детского здоровья имени Н.Ф. Филатова</p><p>119991 Москва, ул. Большая Пироговская, д. 2, стр. 4</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Elena S. Egorova – MD, PhD, Associate Professor, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Filatov Clinical Institute of Children’s Health</p><p>2 bldg. 4, Bolshaya Pirogovskaya Str., Moscow 119991</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0725-9686</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Хизроева</surname><given-names>Д. Х.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Khizroeva</surname><given-names>J. Kh.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Хизроева Джамиля Хизриевна – доктор медицинских наук, профессор кафедры акушерства и гинекологии Клинического института детского здоровья имени Н.Ф. Филатова</p><p>119991 Москва, ул. Большая Пироговская, д. 2, стр. 4</p><p>Scopus Author ID: 57194547147</p><p>Researcher ID: F-8384-2017</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Jamilya Kh. Khizroeva – MD, Dr Sci Med, Professor, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Filatov Clinical Institute of Children’s Health</p><p>2 bldg. 4, Bolshaya Pirogovskaya Str., Moscow 119991</p><p>Scopus Author ID: 57194547147</p><p>Researcher ID: F-8384-2017</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6628-0154</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Султангаджиев</surname><given-names>М. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sultangadzhiev</surname><given-names>M. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Султангаджиев Магомед Гасанович – аспирант</p><p>109240 Москва, Устьинский проезд, д. 2/14 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Magomed G. Sultangadzhiev – MD, Postgraduate Student</p><p>2/14 Ustinsky Passage, Moscow 109240</p><p> </p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ООО «Медицинский женский центр»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Women's Medical Center</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГАОУ ВО Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет имени И.М. Сеченова Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации (Сеченовский Университет)</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Sechenov University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУН «Федеральный исследовательский центр питания, биотехнологии и безопасности пищи»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Federal Research Center for Nutrition, Biotechnology and Food Safety</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2021</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>04</day><month>11</month><year>2021</year></pub-date><volume>15</volume><issue>5</issue><fpage>548</fpage><lpage>561</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Sultangadzhieva K.G., Babaeva N.N., Egorova E.S., Khizroeva J.K., Sultangadzhiev M.G., 2021</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2021</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Султангаджиева Х.Г., Бабаева Н.Н., Егорова Е.С., Хизроева Д.Х., Султангаджиев М.Г.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Sultangadzhieva K.G., Babaeva N.N., Egorova E.S., Khizroeva J.K., Sultangadzhiev M.G.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.gynecology.su/jour/article/view/1132">https://www.gynecology.su/jour/article/view/1132</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Introduction</title><p>Introduction. Retrochorial hematoma (RH) often detected during routine ultrasound examination represents one of the multiple causes resulting in early pregnancy loss. RH results from the detachment of the chorionic plate from the vertebrae of the uterine decidual membrane and may lead to complicated course of pregnancy.</p></sec><sec><title>Aim</title><p>Aim: to develop a differential approach to diagnose and manage pregnancy with RH.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and Methods</title><p>Materials and Methods. A prospective open-ended interventional non-randomized study was conducted by enrolling 170 women. The main group consisted of 85 pregnant women with RH, which were divided into 2 groups: group I (n = 45) – patients with RH and burdened obstetric history; and group II (n = 40) – pregnant women with RH without a history of obstetric complications. The control group included 85 women with uncomplicated pregnancy. The incidence of hereditary thrombophilia was assessed by measuring rate of high thrombogenic risk mutations in the genes of factor (F) V Leiden and prothrombin (FII) G20210A; blood levels of lupus anticoagulant (LA) and anti-cardiolipin antibodies (aCL), β2-glycoprotein 1 (β2-GP1), annexin V and prothrombin; ADAMTS-13; rate of low thrombogenic risk polymorphisms, prevalence and spectrum of bacterial-viral infections.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. It was revealed that women with RH had occasional genetic and acquired hemostasis defects as well as impaired florocenosis of the urogenital tract. Defects in the fibrinolysis system prevailed among the hereditary hemostasis defects: 75.5 % in group I, 32.2 % in group II, and 4.7 % in the control group. No decrease in the activity of natural anticoagulants – antithrombin and protein C was found. Among the acquired thrombophilic conditions, a large proportion of circulating antiphospholipid antibodies (APA) was found: 46.6 % in group I, 27.5 % in group II, and 2.3 % in the control group. Cervicitis of nonspecific etiology prevailed among dysbiosis signs: 53.3 % in group I, 47.5 % in group II and 11.7 % in the control group.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. RG formation is a multifactorial process, which pathogenesis involves both genetic and acquired factors such as APA, especially in combination with genetic thrombophilia (FV Leiden and FII G20210A), as well as inflammatory or pro-inflammatory status. We consider that all patients with RG as well as those with former RG are indicated to undergo the above-mentioned studies. It is advisable to include tranexamic acid, progesterone, low molecular weight heparins and antibiotics in the therapy regimen if indicated.</p></sec><sec><title> </title><p> </p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. Одной из многих причин ранних потерь беременности является ретрохориальная гематома (РГ), которая часто выявляется при рутинном ультразвуковом исследовании. РГ является следствием отслойки хориальной пластинки от подлежащей децидуальной оболочки матки и может привести к осложненному течению беременности.</p></sec><sec><title>Цель исследования</title><p>Цель исследования: разработать дифференцированный подход к диагностике и введению беременности с РГ.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Проведено проспективное открытое интервенционное нерандомизированное исследование. Всего были обследованы 170 женщин. Основную группу составили 85 беременных с РГ, которые были разделены на 2 группы: группа I (n = 45) – пациентки с РГ и отягощённым акушерским анамнезом и группа II (n = 40) – беременные с РГ без акушерских осложнений в анамнезе. В контрольную группу вошли 85 женщин с неосложненной беременностью. Оценивали встречаемость наследственных тромбофилий – мутаций высокого тромбогенного риска в генах фактора (F) V Лейден и протромбина (FII) G20210A; определяли содержание в крови волчаночного антикоагулянта (ВА) и антител к кардиолипину (аКЛ), β2-гликопротеину 1 (β2-ГП1), аннексину V и протромбину, ADAMTS-13; изучали встречаемость полиморфизмов низкого тромбогенного риска, встречаемость и спектр бактериально-вирусной инфекции.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Выявлено, что у женщин с РГ встречались генетические и приобретенные дефекты системы гемостаза и нарушение флороценоза урогенитального тракта. Среди наследственных дефектов системы гемостаза превалировали дефекты в системе фибринолиза: 75,5 % в группе I, 32,2 % в группе II и 4,7 % в контрольной группе. Снижения активности естественных антикоагулянтов – антитромбина и протеина С не выявлено. Среди приобретенных тромбофилических состояний был большой процент циркуляции антифосфолипидных антител (АФА): 46,6 % в группе I, 27,5 % в группе II и 2,3 % в контрольной группе. Из нарушений флоры преобладали цервициты неспецифической этиологии: 53,3 % в группе I, 47,5 % в группе II и 11,7 % в контрольной группе.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Формирование РГ – мультифакторный процесс, в патогенезе которого участвуют и генетические и приобретенные факторы. К таковым относятся АФА, особенно в сочетании с генетической тромбофилией (FV Лейден и FII G20210A), а также воспалительный или провоспалительный статус. Считаем показанным всем пациенткам с РГ и у которых РГ была в анамнезе проводить вышеуказанные исследования. В схему терапии целесообразно включать транексамовую кислоту, прогестерон, низкомолекулярные гепарины и антибиотики при наличии показаний.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>ретрохориальная гематома</kwd><kwd>РГ</kwd><kwd>кровотечения на ранних сроках беременности</kwd><kwd>потери беременности</kwd><kwd>антифосфолипидные антитела</kwd><kwd>АФА</kwd><kwd>бактериально-вирусные инфекции при беременности</kwd><kwd>ингибитор активатора плазминогена</kwd><kwd>низкомолекулярный гепарин</kwd><kwd>НМГ</kwd><kwd>антифибринолитики</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>retrochorial hematoma</kwd><kwd>RH</kwd><kwd>bleedings in early pregnancy</kwd><kwd>antiphospholipid antibodies</kwd><kwd>АРА</kwd><kwd>bacterial viral infections during pregnancy</kwd><kwd>plasminogen activator inhibitor</kwd><kwd>miscarriage</kwd><kwd>low molecular weight heparin</kwd><kwd>LMWH</kwd><kwd>antifibrinolytics</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Elsasser D.A., Ananth C.V., Prasad V., Vintzileos A.M.; New JerseyPlacental Abruption Study Investigators. 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