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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">akusherstvo</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproduction</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Акушерство, Гинекология и Репродукция</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2313-7347</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2500-3194</issn><publisher><publisher-name>IRBIS LLC</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17749/2313-7347/ob.gyn.rep.2021.209</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">akusherstvo-1005</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ОRIGINAL ARTICLES</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Immune-mediated mechanisms of the inflammatory response in women with combined infections of the lower genital tract</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Иммуноопосредованные механизмы воспалительного ответа при сочетанных инфекциях нижнего отдела полового тракта у женщин</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9524-8962</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Дикке</surname><given-names>Г. Б.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Dikke</surname><given-names>G. B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Дикке Галина Борисовна – д.м.н., профессор кафедры акушерства и гинекологии с курсом репродуктивной медицины</p><p>190013 Санкт-Петербург, Московский проспект, д. 22, литер М</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Galina B. Dikke – MD, Dr Sci Med, Professor, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology with a Course of Reproductive Medicine</p><p>22 Liter M, Moskovskiy Avenue, Saint Petersburg 190013</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">galadikke@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9092-9136</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Суханов</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sukhanov</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Суханов Антон Александрович – к.м.н., зав. поликлиникой</p><p>625002 Тюмень, ул. Даудельная, д. 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Anton A. Sukhanov – MD, PhD, Head of Polyclinic</p><p>10 Permyakov Str., Tyumen 625013</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8275-3553</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кукарская</surname><given-names>И. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kukarskaya</surname><given-names>I. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кукарская Ирина Ивановна – д.м.н., профессор кафедры акушерства, гинекологии и реаниматологии с курсом клинической лабораторной диагностики Института непрерывного профессионального развития ФГБОУ ВО «Тюменский государственный медицинский университет» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации; главный врач ГБУЗ ТО «Перинатальный центр»; главный специалист по акушерству и гинекологии Департамента здравоохранения Тюменской области</p><p>625002 Тюмень, ул. Даудельная, д. 1</p><p>625013 Тюмень, ул. Пермякова, д. 10</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Irina I. Kukarskaya – MD, Dr Sci Med, Professor of the Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reanimatology with a Course of Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics, Tyumen State Medical University; Chief Physician, Tyumen Region Perinatal Center; Chief Specialist in Obstetrics and Gynecology, Department of Health of the Tyumen Region</p><p>10 Permyakov Str., Tyumen 625013</p><p>1 Daudelnaya Str., Tyumen 625002</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8290-5767</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Остроменский</surname><given-names>В. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ostromenskii</surname><given-names>V. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Остроменский Владимир Владимирович – к.м.н., зав. кафедрой акушерства и гинекологии с курсом репродуктивной медицины</p><p>190013 Санкт-Петербург, Московский проспект, д. 22, литер М</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Vladimir V. Ostromenskii – MD, PhD, Head of the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology with a Course of Reproductive Medicine</p><p>22 Liter M, Moskovskiy Avenue, Saint Petersburg 190013</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ЧОУ ДПО «Академия медицинского образования имени Ф. И. Иноземцева»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Academy of Medical Education named after F. I. Inozemtsev</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ГБУЗ Тюменской области «Перинатальный центр»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Tyumen State Medical University, Health Ministry of Russian Federation</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ГБУЗ Тюменской области «Перинатальный центр»; ФГБОУ ВО «Тюменский государственный медицинский университет» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Tyumen State Medical University, Health Ministry of Russian Federation; Tyumen Region Perinatal Center</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2021</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>08</day><month>07</month><year>2021</year></pub-date><volume>15</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>245</fpage><lpage>257</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Dikke G.B., Sukhanov A.A., Kukarskaya I.I., Ostromenskii V.V., 2021</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2021</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Дикке Г.Б., Суханов А.А., Кукарская И.И., Остроменский В.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Dikke G.B., Sukhanov A.A., Kukarskaya I.I., Ostromenskii V.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.gynecology.su/jour/article/view/1005">https://www.gynecology.su/jour/article/view/1005</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Aim</title><p>Aim: to increase the effectiveness of combination therapy and reduce frequency of recurrences of inflammatory diseases in the lower genital tract of combined etiology.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and Мethods</title><p>Materials and Мethods. There was conducted a prospective, randomized, blind, comparative clinical study. 80 women with vaginal microbiota disorders were examined randomized into 2 groups: group I (n = 40) – antibiotic therapy was carried out in combination with the preparation Superlimph, group II (n = 40) – a standalone antibacterial therapy; group III consisted of 20 patients lacking gynecological diseases considered to provide with control laboratory parameters. Clinical and laboratory methods were used: microscopy of vaginal smears, detection of viruses and sexually transmitted infections, measurement of serum cytokine levels – interleukins (IL-1â, IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10), tumor necrosis factor alpha, (TNF-á), interferon gamma (IFN-ã).</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. It was found that clinical recovery occurred in 90.0 and 70.0 % of patients in group I and group II (р = 0.02), respectively. Microbiological recovery was observed in 100.0 and 67.5 % of patients, respectively (р = 0.003). In group I, the isolation of herpes simplex virus type 2 was found in 80.0 and 45.2 % of patients before and after treatment (p &lt; 0.001), respectively, whereas in group II – in 82.5 and 77.5 %, respectively (p = 0.58), between groups – p &lt; 0.001. Before treatment the level of all cytokines, excepting IFN-ã, was higher than the reference values in both groups: in group I, their magnitude decreased after treatment (p &lt; 0.001) and corresponded to the reference values; in group II no changes occurred. Three months after treatment, no relapses were observed in group I, whereas frequency of relapses in group II was 22.5 %, within 1 year – 0 and 35.1 %, respectively. Predictors of recurrent dysbiosis (IL-2, IL-6 and TNF-á in increased concentrations after a course of treatment) were identified.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. Treatment with a combined broad-spectrum antimicrobial drug along with topical immunomodulatory agent containing exogenous cytokines is an effective strategy for treating concomitant dysbiosis and preventing relapse.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><sec><title>Цель исследования</title><p>Цель исследования: повысить эффективность терапии и снизить частоту рецидивов инфекционно-воспалительных заболеваний нижнего отдела полового тракта сочетанной этиологии.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Проведено проспективное рандомизированное слепое сравнительное клиническое исследование. Обследованы 80 женщин с нарушением микробиоты влагалища. В группе I (n = 40) проведена антибактериальная терапия в комплексе с препаратом Суперлимф, в группе II (n = 40) – только антибактериальная терапия. Группу III составили 20 пациенток без гинекологических заболеваний для контроля лабораторных показателей. Применяли клинические и лабораторные методы: микроскопия мазков влагалищного содержимого, обнаружение вирусов и инфекций, передаваемых половым путем, определение в сыворотке крови содержания цитокинов – интерлейкинов (IL-1â, IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10), фактора некроза опухоли альфа (англ. tumor necrosis factor alpha, TNF-á), интерферона гамма (англ. interferon gamma, IFN-ã).</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Клиническое выздоровление наступило у 90,0 % пациенток в группе I и у 70,0 % в группе II (р = 0,02); микробиологическое выздоровление произошло у 100,0 и 67,5 % пациенток соответственно (р = 0,003). В группе I выделение вируса простого герпеса 2-го типа (ВПГ-2) наблюдалось у 80,0 % пациенток до лечения и у 42,5 % после лечения (р &lt; 0,001), тогда как в группе II – у 82,5 и 77,5 % соответственно (р = 0,58), разница между группами была статистически значима (р &lt; 0,001). До лечения содержание всех цитокинов, кроме IFN-ã, было выше референсных значений в обеих группах. В группе I значения цитокинов снизились после лечения (р &lt; 0,001) и соответствовали референсным, в группе II изменений не произошло. Через 3 мес после лечения в группе I рецидивов не наблюдалось, частота рецидивов в группе II составила 22,5 %, в течение 12 мес после окончания лечения – 0 и 35,1 % соответственно. Выявлены предикторы рецидивов дисбиоза (IL-2, IL-6 и TNF-á в повышенных концентрациях после курса лечения).</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Лечение с использованием комбинированного противомикробного препарата широкого спектра действия в сочетании с локальным иммуномодулирующим средством, содержащим экзогенные цитокины, является эффективной стратегией терапии сочетанных дисбиозов и профилактики рецидивов.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>микробиота влагалища</kwd><kwd>дисбиоз</kwd><kwd>иммунитет</kwd><kwd>цитокины</kwd><kwd>Суперлимф</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>vaginal microbiota</kwd><kwd>dysbiosis</kwd><kwd>immunity</kwd><kwd>cytokines</kwd><kwd>Superlymph</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Авторы приносят благодарность Н.В. Шиловой за помощь в статистической обработке результатов исследования.</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The authors are grateful to N.V. 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